Kumar Satish, Modak Purab Kalyan, Ali S Haroon, Barpanda S K, Gusain Vimal Singh, Roy Rupali
Department of Pathology, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Medical Science and Research Institute, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India.
Department of Physiology, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Medical Science and Research Institute, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2018 Jan-Feb;7(1):34-38. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_252_17.
To determine the prevalence of ABO and Rh blood groups based on the antigenic presence on the surface of red blood cells with respect to gender and calculate allele frequency of the blood groups. Globally, approximately 700 type red cell antigens have been identified till now. ABO and Rh blood groups play an important role in the process of blood transfusion, resolving certain medicolegal issues, parental testing, and various genetic studies.
This study was conducted in H.N.B. Base Hospital, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, from January 2012 to December 2016. Relevant data of blood donors were collected from blood bank department of the hospital. Blood grouping was conducted using commercially available standard monoclonal antisera applying test tube and column agglutination techniques.
Out of 9883 individuals, 9333 (92.4%) were males and 750 (7.6%) were female individuals. The most common blood group found was B (31.68%) and least common being AB (11.70%). The prevalence of Rhesus positive and negative distribution in the present studied population was found as 93.51% and 6.49%, respectively. Overall, male ABO group pattern found was shown by formula B > A > O > AB which was similar among Rh-positive male individuals while Rh-negative males' pattern was found as A > B = O > AB. In females, ABO group pattern was B > O > A > AB which was similar to Rh-positive female pattern while differs in Rh negative. The estimated allele frequencies were found as 0.2403, 0.2475, and 0.5122 for I (p), I (q), and I (r), respectively.
The most common blood group found among the Gharwali donors was B positive while the least common was AB negative, which plays an important contribution for making government policies to develop National Health Program.
根据红细胞表面抗原的存在情况，确定ABO和Rh血型在不同性别中的分布情况，并计算血型的等位基因频率。目前全球已鉴定出约700种红细胞抗原。ABO和Rh血型在输血过程、解决某些法医学问题、亲子鉴定及各种基因研究中发挥着重要作用。
本研究于2012年1月至2016年12月在北阿坎德邦斯利那加的H.N.B.基础医院进行。从医院血库部门收集献血者的相关数据。采用市售标准单克隆抗血清，运用试管法和柱凝集技术进行血型鉴定。
在9883名个体中，男性有9333名（92.4%），女性有750名（7.6%）。最常见的血型是B型（31.68%），最不常见的是AB型（11.70%）。在所研究人群中，Rh阳性和阴性的分布患病率分别为93.51%和6.49%。总体而言，男性ABO血型模式为B＞A＞O＞AB，在Rh阳性男性个体中相似，而Rh阴性男性的模式为A＞B = O＞AB。在女性中，ABO血型模式为B＞O＞A＞AB，与Rh阳性女性模式相似，而在Rh阴性女性中不同。I（p）、I（q）和I（r）的估计等位基因频率分别为0.2403、0.2475和0.5122。
在加瓦尔利献血者中最常见的血型是B阳性，最不常见的是AB阴性，这对制定国家卫生计划的政府政策具有重要贡献。
