Muliira Rhoda Suubi, Salas Anna Santos, O'Brien Beverley
Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2017 Jan-Mar;4(1):6-17. doi: 10.4103/2347-5625.199078.
Quality of life (QOL) has been studied extensively among cancer populations in high income countries where cancer care resources are available to many. Little is known concerning the QOL of cancer groups residing in Africa where resources can be scarce. The integrative review of the literature explored and critically examined studies that had addressed QOL in female cancer survivors in Africa. The extent to which QOL studies incorporated a cultural perspective was also examined. Research studies published between 2005 and 2015 were retrieved from five databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, ProQuest dissertations and Theses full text, and GlobalHealth. Primary qualitative or quantitative studies regardless of sample size or setting were included. A total of 300 studies were identified and 28 full text studies were retrieved and assessed for eligibility. Eight studies met inclusion criteria. Factors that affected the QOL were socio-demographic especially age, education, employment, income and residence; illness-related factors such as having advanced cancer and multiple symptoms; treatment-related factors associated with surgery and radiotherapy; psychosocial factors such as support and anxiety; and cultural factors including fatalism and bewitching. Practice implications entail increasing awareness among nurses and allied healthcare providers of the potential effects on QOL of a cancer diagnosis and treatment of female cancers such as pain, fatigue, sexual dysfunction, hormonal and body image changes, anxiety, depression and cultural practices. Failure to identify and deal with these may result in poor treatment adherence, low self-esteem, and ultimately poor QOL.
在许多高收入国家，癌症患者的生活质量（QOL）已得到广泛研究，这些国家有许多癌症护理资源。对于非洲资源稀缺地区癌症群体的生活质量，人们知之甚少。本综合文献综述探索并批判性地审视了针对非洲女性癌症幸存者生活质量的研究。同时也考察了生活质量研究纳入文化视角的程度。从五个数据库检索了2005年至2015年间发表的研究：护理学与健康领域数据库（CINAHL）、医学期刊数据库（MEDLINE）、Scopus数据库、ProQuest学位论文全文数据库和全球健康数据库（GlobalHealth）。纳入了无论样本量或研究背景的主要定性或定量研究。共识别出300项研究，检索并评估了28项全文研究的 eligibility。八项研究符合纳入标准。影响生活质量的因素包括社会人口统计学因素，尤其是年龄、教育程度、就业、收入和居住情况；与疾病相关的因素，如患有晚期癌症和多种症状；与治疗相关的因素，与手术和放疗有关；心理社会因素，如支持和焦虑；以及文化因素，包括宿命论和巫术。实践意义在于提高护士和相关医疗保健提供者对癌症诊断和治疗对女性癌症患者生活质量潜在影响的认识，如疼痛、疲劳、性功能障碍、激素和身体形象变化、焦虑、抑郁和文化习俗。未能识别和处理这些问题可能导致治疗依从性差、自尊心低，最终导致生活质量差。
