School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia.
The Joanna Briggs Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Lvl 3, 55 King William Rd (Norwich House), North Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia.
J Environ Manage. 2017 May 15;193:247-256. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.02.012. Epub 2017 Feb 20.
Exposure to smoke emitted from wildfire and planned burns (i.e., smoke events) has been associated with numerous negative health outcomes, including respiratory symptoms and conditions. This rapid review investigates recent evidence (post-2009) regarding the effectiveness of public health messaging during smoke events. The objectives were to determine the effectiveness of various communication channels used and public health messages disseminated during smoke events, for general and at-risk populations. A search of 12 databases and grey literature yielded 1775 unique articles, of which 10 were included in this review. Principal results were: 1) Smoke-related public health messages are communicated via a variety of channels, but limited evidence is available regarding their effectiveness for the general public or at-risk groups. 2) Messages that use simple language are more commonly recalled, understood, and complied with. Compliance differs according to socio-demographic characteristics. 3) At-risk groups may be advised to stay indoors before the general population, in order to protect the most vulnerable people in a community. The research included in this review was observational and predominantly descriptive, and is therefore unable to sufficiently answer questions regarding effectiveness. Experimental research, as well as evaluations, are required to examine the effectiveness of modern communication channels, channels to reach at-risk groups, and the 'stay indoors' message.
暴露于野火和计划燃烧（即烟雾事件）产生的烟雾与许多负面健康结果有关，包括呼吸道症状和疾病。本快速审查调查了最近（2009 年后）有关烟雾事件期间公共卫生信息传递效果的证据。目的是确定在烟雾事件期间，针对一般人群和高危人群，使用各种传播渠道和传播的公共卫生信息的有效性。对 12 个数据库和灰色文献进行了搜索，得到了 1775 篇独特的文章，其中 10 篇被纳入了本综述。主要结果为：1）与烟雾相关的公共卫生信息通过多种渠道传递，但关于这些信息对一般公众或高危人群的有效性的证据有限。2）使用简单语言的信息更常被回忆、理解和遵守。遵守情况因社会人口特征而异。3）在一般人群之前，建议高危人群待在室内，以保护社区中最脆弱的人。本综述中包含的研究是观察性的，主要是描述性的，因此无法充分回答有关有效性的问题。需要进行实验研究和评估，以检验现代传播渠道、针对高危人群的渠道以及“待在室内”信息的有效性。
