Berg Stephanie, Nand Sucha
Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2017 Feb;17(2):13. doi: 10.1007/s11910-017-0726-1.
Acute and chronic leukemias are heterogeneous diseases and can affect any part of the body upon initial discovery. Understanding the sequela of systemic involvement is key for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Over the decades, new research has emerged regarding neurological complications of the myeloid or lymphoid leukemias. Central nervous system involvement usually confers a poor prognosis and requires emergent treatment. Standard of care still involves systemic therapy, intrathecal administration of chemotherapeutic agents, and cranial radiation. Treatment-related side effects can occur and need to be recognized by any practitioner involved with patient care. It is imperative to understand neurologic complications from leukemia to prevent delays and initiate necessary treatment to maintain neurologic and cognitive function.
急性和慢性白血病是异质性疾病，初发时可累及身体的任何部位。了解全身受累的后遗症是正确诊断和治疗的关键。
几十年来，出现了关于髓系或淋巴细胞白血病神经并发症的新研究。中枢神经系统受累通常预后不良，需要紧急治疗。标准治疗仍包括全身治疗、鞘内注射化疗药物和颅脑放疗。治疗相关的副作用可能会出现，任何参与患者护理的从业者都需要认识到这一点。必须了解白血病的神经并发症，以避免延误并启动必要的治疗，以维持神经和认知功能。
