Wareing Mark, Taylor Renate, Wilson Aileen, Sharples Adrienne
Director of Practice Learning, University of Bedfordshire.
Senior Lecturer Mental Health Nursing, University of Bedfordshire.
Br J Nurs. 2017 Feb 23;26(4):228-233. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2017.26.4.228.
This article presents findings from a study that sought to explore the extent to which clinical placements have an impact on nursing students' decisions regarding their first staff nurse post. Within the UK, nursing is facing a recruitment crisis with particular difficulty recruiting to areas such as primary care and care of older people. Transitioning into a new role is challenging in any occupation, but it is a particular problem in nursing where the realities of professional practice often differ from students' perception of the staff nurse role as shaped by their clinical placements.
This pilot study aimed to explore the influence of practice placements on final-year adult nursing students' career decisions.
Qualitative and quantitative data were collected in a single phase using a questionnaire distributed to nursing students on the final day of their course. A total of 35 completed questionnaires were returned (response rate 57%).
Half of the participants entered the course with preconceived preferences for clinical specialisms. However, only five participants (14%) applied for first-destination posts in that specialism. The overall importance of placements in career choice increased across the three years of the programme. Although placements in all three years are important, the experiences in year 3 are pivotal, with 74% ranking these as 'significantly influential' in their decision-making process. Analysis of the data obtained from the free-text responses from the questionnaire suggested that working environment; the level of support provided by mentors and clinical staff; the opportunity to make a difference to patients' lives and the variety of placements, were key influences on nursing students' decision regarding their first staff nurse post.
This study highlights the key role of practice placements in the career choices of student nurses, particularly during the final year of their programme. It shows that students are likely to apply for posts in the placement area they found to be most supportive and developmental.
本文介绍了一项研究的结果，该研究旨在探讨临床实习在多大程度上影响护理专业学生对其首个 staff nurse 岗位的选择。在英国，护理行业正面临招聘危机，尤其是在初级保健和老年人护理等领域招募困难。在任何职业中，过渡到新角色都具有挑战性，但在护理行业中这是一个特别突出的问题，因为专业实践的实际情况往往与学生通过临床实习所形成的对 staff nurse 角色的认知有所不同。
这项试点研究旨在探讨实习对成人护理专业最后一年学生职业决策的影响。
在课程的最后一天，通过向护理专业学生发放问卷，在一个阶段内收集定性和定量数据。共收回35份完整问卷（回复率57%）。
一半的参与者在进入课程时就对临床专业有先入为主的偏好。然而，只有五名参与者（14%）申请了该专业的首个工作岗位。在该课程的三年中，实习在职业选择中的总体重要性不断增加。虽然三年的实习都很重要，但三年级的经历至关重要，74%的人将其在决策过程中的影响评为“极其显著”。对问卷自由文本回复中获得的数据进行分析表明，工作环境；导师和临床工作人员提供的支持水平；对患者生活产生影响的机会以及实习的多样性，是影响护理专业学生对其首个 staff nurse 岗位决策的关键因素。
本研究强调了实习在学生护士职业选择中的关键作用，尤其是在课程的最后一年。研究表明，学生可能会申请他们认为最具支持性和发展性的实习领域的岗位。
