Hambridge K, Banerjee S, Winfield L, Gripton J
University of Plymouth, 7 Portland Villas, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, Plymouth, UK.
University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
BMC Nurs. 2023 Mar 18;22(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s12912-023-01210-2.
Worldwide there are concerns about the supply of nurses into health systems. Understanding and balancing the supply of and demand for healthcare professionals is crucial to efficient healthcare delivery, yet there is relatively little research that examines in detail where nursing students come from and where they go after qualification.
To investigate the demographic characteristics of applicants to nursing and midwifery programmes in England, those that are enrolled, attrition during study, and their career intentions on graduation.
A descriptive case study was conducted in south west England drawing on a complementary set of analyses of routinely collected application and enrolment data from 2017-2020. These were augmented by derivation of student deprivation indices and a follow-up study of nursing and midwifery students qualifying between May 2020 and April 2021.
The percentage of males applying for nursing doubled and the mean age of all enrolled students (except midwifery) increased during the study period. The mean level of deprivation of applicants increased from the 51 to the 55 centile indicating widening of participation. Most applying and enrolled students originated from the same region as the nursing school and remained working there on qualification. Successively more males than females were lost from the system at each stage from application to qualification. Qualifying students most common job choice was within acute Trusts, with Medical, District nursing and surgical being the most common choices. The most important factors regarding job choice were location, the characteristics of the Trust, having been there as a student, and family considerations.
The data provide useful information on the nursing educational pipeline. The data discussed here raise questions that would benefit from further regional and national empirical research.
全球范围内，人们都在关注卫生系统中护士的供应情况。了解并平衡医疗保健专业人员的供需对于高效提供医疗服务至关重要，但相对而言，很少有研究详细考察护理专业学生的来源以及他们毕业后的去向。
调查英格兰护理与助产专业课程申请者的人口统计学特征、已入学学生、学习期间的退学情况以及他们毕业时的职业意向。
在英格兰西南部进行了一项描述性案例研究，利用2017 - 2020年常规收集的申请和入学数据进行补充分析。通过推导学生贫困指数以及对2020年5月至2021年4月期间毕业的护理与助产专业学生进行后续研究，对这些数据进行了扩充。
在研究期间，申请护理专业的男性比例翻倍，所有入学学生（助产专业除外）的平均年龄有所增加。申请者的平均贫困水平从第51百分位升至第55百分位，表明参与度在扩大。大多数申请和入学的学生与护理学校来自同一地区，毕业后仍在那里工作。从申请到毕业的每个阶段，系统中流失的男性比女性相继更多。毕业学生最常见的工作选择是急症信托机构，医疗、社区护理和外科是最常见的选择。关于工作选择的最重要因素是地点、信托机构的特点、曾作为学生在那里学习以及家庭因素。
这些数据为护理教育流程提供了有用信息。这里讨论的数据提出了一些问题，这些问题将受益于进一步的区域和国家实证研究。
