Ganesh Puttu, Karthikeyan Ramalingam, Muthukumaraswamy Arunachalam, Anand Joseph
Oral Health Prev Dent. 2017;15(1):7-12. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a37708.
Periodontitis, the chronic inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth, has now been implicated in a variety of disparate systemic infections of various organs such as the lungs, heart, kidneys and brain. This review examines various associations involving chronic inflammatory processes arising from the periodontium and Alzheimer's disease, a progressive dementia of the brain with an as yet unknown origin. Causal pathways are also reviewed, e.g. the direct invasion of oral pathogens such as T. socranski and T. denticola from the periodontium across the blood-brain barrier, as well as common susceptibilities between the two tissues in terms of systemic dissemination from oral infections. Finally, potential anti-inflammatory therapies targeted at both the periodontium and brain are discussed, as periodontal infections are one of the treatable, preventable aetiopathologies involved in Alzheimer's disease.
牙周炎是牙齿支持组织的慢性炎症性疾病，目前已被认为与多种不同器官的全身性感染有关，如肺部、心脏、肾脏和大脑。本综述探讨了牙周组织引发的慢性炎症过程与阿尔茨海默病之间的各种关联，阿尔茨海默病是一种病因不明的进行性脑痴呆。还综述了因果途径，例如口腔病原体如索氏密螺旋体和齿垢密螺旋体从牙周组织直接穿过血脑屏障，以及在口腔感染的全身传播方面两种组织之间的共同易感性。最后，讨论了针对牙周组织和大脑的潜在抗炎疗法，因为牙周感染是阿尔茨海默病中可治疗、可预防的病因之一。
