University of Maryland School of Medicine, United States.
Child Abuse Negl. 2017 Apr;66:2-8. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.02.011. Epub 2017 Feb 23.
The view of what constitutes child abuse and neglect is dependent on the laws, cultural context, local thresholds and the availability. Since 1982, the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) has conducted surveillance of child maltreatment and child protection every two years, published in World Perspectives on Child Abuse. It is hoped that up to date information will inform the development of laws, policies and programs to better address child abuse and neglect. This article is based on data on child sexual abuse and exploitation from 73 countries gathered online in 2015-16 for the 12 edition of World Perspectives. Respondents were key informants who were knowledgeable professionals in the child protection field. They were encouraged to consult with colleagues so as to provide accurate information. Countries were grouped into different regions of the world and into income level categories. The findings focus on definitions of abuse and neglect, laws, policies and programs to address and prevent maltreatment and barriers to prevention. It is evident that there is considerable variability across regions and country income categories, and that programs and services need to be considerably strengthened, even in high income countries.
虐待和忽视儿童的定义取决于法律、文化背景、当地标准和可用性。自 1982 年以来，国际防止虐待和忽视儿童协会（ISPCAN）每两年就儿童虐待和儿童保护进行一次监测，并在《世界虐待儿童透视》中公布。希望最新信息将为制定法律、政策和方案提供依据，以更好地解决虐待和忽视儿童问题。本文所依据的数据来自 2015-2016 年为第十二版《世界虐待儿童透视》在网上收集的 73 个国家关于儿童性虐待和剥削的数据。受访者是儿童保护领域的知识渊博的专业人员，他们被鼓励与同事协商，以提供准确的信息。国家被分为世界不同地区和收入水平类别。研究结果重点关注虐待和忽视的定义、处理和预防虐待的法律、政策和方案，以及预防障碍。显然，各地区和国家收入类别之间存在相当大的差异，即使在高收入国家，也需要大大加强方案和服务。
