Brotto Lori A
University of British Columbia, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Canada.
Front Neuroendocrinol. 2017 Apr;45:11-17. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.02.001. Epub 2017 Feb 22.
Low sexual desire is the most common sexual complaint in women, with multinational studies finding that at least a third of women experience low sexual desire. No single etiology for the development of Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder, the diagnosis laid out by the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, has been established. There has been considerable interest in pharmacological approaches to improving low desire, and agents targeting a range of neurotransmitters have been examined. To date, only flibanserin, a centrally acting medication targeting the serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine systems, has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Despite statistically significant effects on sexual desire, sexual distress, and sexually satisfying events, side-effects are significant, and flibanserin is completely contraindicated with alcohol. As such, there has been renewed interest in advancing the science of psychological approaches to low desire, including cognitive behavioral and mindfulness therapies.
性欲低下是女性最常见的性问题，多项跨国研究发现，至少三分之一的女性存在性欲低下的情况。《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第5版所列出的女性性兴趣/唤起障碍的发病原因尚无定论。人们对改善性欲低下的药物治疗方法兴趣浓厚，针对一系列神经递质的药物已得到研究。迄今为止，只有阿伐那非，一种作用于中枢、针对血清素、多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素系统的药物，已获得美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）的批准。尽管该药对性欲、性困扰和性满足事件有统计学上的显著效果，但副作用也很明显，且阿伐那非与酒精完全禁忌联用。因此，人们重新燃起了推进针对性欲低下的心理治疗方法科学研究的兴趣，包括认知行为疗法和正念疗法。
