Lorenz Katherine, Ullman Sarah E
University of Illinois at Chicago.
J Aggress Maltreat Trauma. 2016;25(10):1058-1078. doi: 10.1080/10926771.2016.1219801. Epub 2016 Sep 13.
Disclosing pre-assault drinking may influence reactions sexual assault survivors receive from their support networks. Such reactions likely affect survivor's post-assault adjustment. Thus, it is important to identify assault and disclosure characteristics related to disclosing one's drinking and receiving social reactions that specifically comment on pre-assault alcohol use. This exploratory study examined demographic, assault, and disclosure factors as predictors of both survivors' decisions to disclose their pre-assault alcohol use and social reactions survivors received related to their pre-assault alcohol use. Out of survivors who were drinking at the time of the assault, those with more education and who reported greater alcohol impairment or resistance during the assault were more likely to disclose pre-assault alcohol use. As expected, this study found that of women disclosing pre-assault drinking, those with more education and more violent assaults received more negative social reactions specifically commenting on their use of alcohol prior to the assault. Such negative reactions were more common for those telling parents, police, or medical professionals. Women with less education received more positive and negative social reactions that commented specifically on their use of alcohol prior to the assault. Interestingly, results showed that disclosing pre-assault alcohol use in greater detail was related to positive social reactions specific to preassault drinking and experiencing greater alcohol impairment at the time of the assault was associated with positive and negative social reactions specific to pre-assault alcohol use. Implications for research and intervention are provided for survivors disclosing alcohol-related sexual assaults.
披露袭击前饮酒情况可能会影响性侵犯幸存者从其支持网络获得的反应。此类反应可能会影响幸存者在袭击后的适应情况。因此，识别与披露饮酒情况以及获得专门针对袭击前饮酒情况的社会反应相关的袭击和披露特征非常重要。这项探索性研究考察了人口统计学、袭击和披露因素，这些因素可预测幸存者披露袭击前饮酒情况的决定以及幸存者收到的与袭击前饮酒情况相关的社会反应。在袭击发生时正在饮酒的幸存者中，受教育程度较高且在袭击期间报告饮酒造成更大损害或抵抗情绪的人更有可能披露袭击前的饮酒情况。正如预期的那样，本研究发现，在披露袭击前饮酒情况的女性中，受教育程度较高且遭受更暴力袭击的人收到更多专门针对其袭击前饮酒情况的负面社会反应。这种负面反应在告知父母、警方或医疗专业人员的人中更为常见。受教育程度较低的女性收到更多专门针对其袭击前饮酒情况的积极和负面社会反应。有趣的是，结果表明，更详细地披露袭击前饮酒情况与针对袭击前饮酒的积极社会反应有关，而在袭击时经历更大的酒精损害与针对袭击前饮酒的积极和负面社会反应有关。本文为披露与酒精相关的性侵犯的幸存者提供了研究和干预方面的启示。
