Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
Nat Commun. 2017 Feb 27;8:14555. doi: 10.1038/ncomms14555.
Organometal lead halide perovskites have been widely used as the light harvester for high-performance solar cells. However, typical perovskites of methylammonium lead halides (CHNHPbX, X=Cl, Br, I) are usually sensitive to moisture in ambient air, and thus require an inert atmosphere to process. Here we demonstrate a moisture-induced transformation of perovskite crystals in a triple-layer scaffold of TiO/ZrO/Carbon to fabricate printable mesoscopic solar cells. An additive of ammonium chloride (NHCl) is employed to assist the crystallization of perovskite, wherein the formation and transition of intermediate CHNHX·NHPbX(HO) (X=I or Cl) enables high-quality perovskite CHNHPbI crystals with preferential growth orientation. Correspondingly, the intrinsic perovskite devices based on CHNHPbI achieve an efficiency of 15.6% and a lifetime of over 130 days in ambient condition with 30% relative humidity. This ambient-processed printable perovskite solar cell provides a promising prospect for mass production, and will promote the development of perovskite-based photovoltaics.
金属有机卤化铅钙钛矿已被广泛应用于高效太阳能电池的光捕获器。然而，典型的卤化甲基铵铅钙钛矿（CHNHPbX，X=Cl，Br，I）通常对环境空气中的水分敏感，因此需要惰性气氛进行处理。在这里，我们展示了在 TiO/ZrO/Carbon 的三层支架中，通过水分诱导钙钛矿晶体的转变来制备可打印介观太阳能电池。我们采用氯化铵（NHCl）添加剂来辅助钙钛矿的结晶，其中中间态 CHNHX·NHPbX(HO)（X=I 或 Cl）的形成和转变使高质量的具有优先生长取向的 CHNHPbI 钙钛矿晶体得以形成。相应地，基于 CHNHPbI 的本征钙钛矿器件在相对湿度为 30%的环境条件下实现了 15.6%的效率和超过 130 天的寿命。这种在环境条件下处理的可打印钙钛矿太阳能电池为大规模生产提供了有前景的前景，并将促进基于钙钛矿的光伏技术的发展。
