Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Dipartimento di Scienze della Sanità Pubblica e Pediatriche, Università degli Studi di Torino, Italy.
Cancer Treat Rev. 2017 Mar;54:110-121. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.02.003. Epub 2017 Feb 16.
To review the current knowledge on radiotherapy associated olfactory dysfunction among head and neck cancer (HNC) patients.
A systematic review of RT-related olfactory dysfunction in HNC was performed. Searches were conducted in several databases (Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, CAB Abstracts, SCOPUS, Proquest Dissertations and Theses, PROSPERO, ALLEBM Reviews - Cochrane DSR, ACP Journal Club, DARE, CCTR, CMR, HTA, and NHSEED). Publications investigating olfactory dysfunction as an explicit side effect of Radiotherapy (RT, or RT-chemo or RT-monoclonal antibodies) were eligible, no limits were applied.
Two hundred and twenty-nine papers were screened and 23 met inclusion criteria.
Odor detection, identification and discrimination are olfactory functions impaired after RT for HNC. An RT dose-effect has been calculated for odor identification and odor discrimination. There were no studies of the effect of olfactory dysfunction on weight loss or energy intake among RT-treated HNC patients. To improve our understanding of RT associated olfactory dysfunction among HNC patients, future studies should include a multi-dimensional assessment of olfactory function in a longitudinal design, track other conditions affecting olfaction, assess retronasal olfactory perception, adopt validated self-report tools and explore the impact of olfactory dysfunction on the eating experience of HNC patients.
综述头颈部癌症（HNC）患者放疗相关嗅觉功能障碍的现有知识。
对头颈部癌症患者放疗相关嗅觉功能障碍进行了系统评价。在多个数据库（Medline、EMBASE、CINAHL、CAB Abstracts、SCOPUS、Proquest Dissertations and Theses、PROSPERO、ALLEBM Reviews - Cochrane DSR、ACP Journal Club、DARE、CCTR、CMR、HTA、NHSEED）中进行了与 RT 相关的嗅觉功能障碍的搜索。符合条件的研究是调查嗅觉功能障碍作为放疗（RT、RT-化疗或 RT-单克隆抗体）明确副作用的研究，没有设置任何限制。
筛选出 229 篇论文，其中 23 篇符合纳入标准。
HNC 患者接受放疗后，嗅觉的气味检测、识别和辨别功能受损。已经计算出 RT 对气味识别和气味辨别功能的剂量效应。没有研究 RT 治疗的 HNC 患者嗅觉功能障碍对体重减轻或能量摄入的影响。为了更好地了解 HNC 患者放疗相关的嗅觉功能障碍，未来的研究应包括在纵向设计中对嗅觉功能进行多维评估，跟踪影响嗅觉的其他情况，评估鼻后嗅觉感知，采用经过验证的自我报告工具，并探索嗅觉功能障碍对 HNC 患者进食体验的影响。
