Niyyati Maryam, Dodangeh Samira, Lorenzo-Morales Jacob
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. AstrofísicoFco. Sánchez, S/N, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
Iran J Pharm Res. 2016 Fall;15(4):893-900.
keratitis (AK) is a sight-threating infection of the cornea that mostly affects contact lens wearers. Until now, AK treatment remains very difficult due to the existence of a highly resistant cyst stage in the life cycle of which is extremely resistant to most of the available anti-amoebic compounds. Moreover, current treatment of AK is usually based in the combination of various therapeutic agents such as polyhexamethylene biguanide or chlorhexidine and propamidine isethionate. However, all the mentioned compounds have also showed toxic side effects on human keratocytes and presented poor cysticidal effect at the concentrations currently used in the established AK treatments. Nowadays, the elucidation of novel compounds with antimicrobial and anticancer properties from plant and herbs with medicinal properties have encouraged researchers to evaluate plants as a source of new molecules with anti-trophozoite and cysticidal effects. Thus, in recent years, many natural products have been reported to present potent anti- properties with good selectivity and minimal toxic effects. Therefore, the chemical drugs currently used for AK treatment, their drawbacks as well as the current research in medicinal plants as a source of potent anti- compounds are described in this review.
棘阿米巴角膜炎（AK）是一种威胁视力的角膜感染，主要影响隐形眼镜佩戴者。到目前为止，由于棘阿米巴在其生命周期中存在高度耐药的包囊阶段，对大多数现有的抗阿米巴化合物具有极强的耐药性，AK的治疗仍然非常困难。此外，目前AK的治疗通常基于多种治疗药物的联合使用，如聚六亚甲基双胍或氯己定以及依西酸丙脒。然而，所有上述化合物对人角膜细胞也显示出毒性副作用，并且在目前已确立的AK治疗中所使用的浓度下，其杀包囊效果不佳。如今，从具有药用特性的植物和草药中阐明具有抗菌和抗癌特性的新型化合物，促使研究人员评估植物作为具有抗滋养体和杀包囊作用的新分子来源。因此，近年来，许多天然产物已被报道具有强大的抗阿米巴特性，具有良好的选择性和最小的毒性作用。因此，本综述描述了目前用于AK治疗的化学药物、它们的缺点以及作为强效抗阿米巴化合物来源的药用植物的当前研究情况。
