Farsi Nada J, El-Housseiny Azza A, Farsi Deema J, Farsi Najat M
Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
BMC Oral Health. 2017 Feb 28;17(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s12903-017-0353-x.
Assessment of the adverse effects of oral health problems on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is essential to ensure the well-being of children. The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) is an instrument that was designed to assess caregivers' perceptions of OHRQoL in preschool children. Although it has been translated into many languages, it has yet to be validated in Arabic. Therefore, this study aimed to translate this questionnaire to Arabic (A-ECOHIS) and test its psychometric properties.
Questionnaire responses from three samples of caregivers of preschool children ≤ 6 years of age were collected: (i) community-based (n = 422), from preschools selected as a stratified random sample; (ii) clinic-based, from those seeking pediatric dental care at a university clinic (n = 246); and (iii) a test-retest sample (n = 68), a clinic-based group of caregivers who completed questionnaires twice about siblings who were not receiving dental care. Children received a dental examination to assess their decayed, missed, filled teeth (dmft) scores. Convergent validity was evaluated by assessing the A-ECOHIS scores in relation to the response to a global question. Discriminant validity was evaluated by comparing the scores of children with varying levels of oral disease. Internal consistency was assessed by calculating Cronbach's alpha, and the test-retest reliability was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs).
The A-ECOHIS scores of the questionnaire sections and the global oral health rating were significantly correlated; Spearman correlation coefficients were, r = 0.55, P ≤ 0.01 (overall score), r = 0.54, P ≤ 0.01 (child section), and r = 0.51, P ≤ 0.01 (family section). The mean A-ECOHIS scores were also statistically significantly higher in children with higher dmft scores compared with lower dmft, and in the clinic-based sample compared with the community sample. The Cronbach's alpha value of the the child, family sections and overall questionnaire were, 0.80, 0.78, and 0.85, respectively. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of A-ECOHIS was 0.86.
The A-ECOHIS performed well on all psychometric tests to which it was applied. Thus, it is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used in Arabic-speaking caregivers of preschoolers aged 2 to 6 years.
评估口腔健康问题对口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）的不良影响对于确保儿童的福祉至关重要。幼儿口腔健康影响量表（ECOHIS）是一种旨在评估照顾者对学龄前儿童OHRQoL认知的工具。尽管它已被翻译成多种语言，但尚未在阿拉伯语中得到验证。因此，本研究旨在将该问卷翻译成阿拉伯语（A-ECOHIS）并测试其心理测量特性。
收集了来自三个样本的6岁及以下学龄前儿童照顾者的问卷回复：（i）基于社区的样本（n = 422），从作为分层随机样本选择的幼儿园中选取；（ii）基于诊所的样本，来自在大学诊所寻求儿童牙科护理的人群（n = 246）；以及（iii）重测样本（n = 68），是一组基于诊所的照顾者，他们就未接受牙科护理的兄弟姐妹两次填写问卷。对儿童进行牙科检查以评估其龋失补牙（dmft）得分。通过评估A-ECOHIS得分与对一个总体问题的回答之间的关系来评估聚合效度。通过比较不同口腔疾病水平儿童的得分来评估区分效度。通过计算克朗巴哈系数来评估内部一致性，并使用组内相关系数（ICC）评估重测信度。
问卷各部分的A-ECOHIS得分与总体口腔健康评分显著相关；斯皮尔曼相关系数分别为，r = 0.55，P≤0.01（总分），r = 0.54，P≤0.01（儿童部分），以及r = 0.51，P≤0.01（家庭部分）。与dmft得分较低的儿童相比，dmft得分较高的儿童的平均A-ECOHIS得分在统计学上也显著更高，并且基于诊所的样本与社区样本相比也是如此。儿童部分、家庭部分和总体问卷的克朗巴哈系数值分别为0.80、0.78和0.85。A-ECOHIS的组内相关系数（ICC）为0.86。
A-ECOHIS在所有应用的心理测量测试中表现良好。因此，它是一种有效且可靠的工具，可用于2至6岁讲阿拉伯语的学龄前儿童照顾者。
