Deracinois Barbara, Flahaut Christophe, Duban-Deweer Sophie, Karamanos Yannis
Université Lille Nord de France, Lille F-59000, France.
Université d'Artois, LBHE, Lens F-62307, France.
Proteomes. 2013 Oct 11;1(3):180-218. doi: 10.3390/proteomes1030180.
Proteomics became a key tool for the study of biological systems. The comparison between two different physiological states allows unravelling the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in a biological process. Proteomics can confirm the presence of proteins suggested by their mRNA content and provides a direct measure of the quantity present in a cell. Global and targeted proteomics strategies can be applied. Targeted proteomics strategies limit the number of features that will be monitored and then optimise the methods to obtain the highest sensitivity and throughput for a huge amount of samples. The advantage of global proteomics strategies is that no hypothesis is required, other than a measurable difference in one or more protein species between the samples. Global proteomics methods attempt to separate quantify and identify all the proteins from a given sample. This review highlights only the different techniques of separation and quantification of proteins and peptides, in view of a comparative and quantitative global proteomics analysis. The in-gel and off-gel quantification of proteins will be discussed as well as the corresponding mass spectrometry technology. The overview is focused on the widespread techniques while keeping in mind that each approach is modular and often recovers the other.
蛋白质组学成为研究生物系统的关键工具。两种不同生理状态之间的比较有助于揭示生物过程中涉及的细胞和分子机制。蛋白质组学可以证实由mRNA含量所提示的蛋白质的存在，并能直接测量细胞中蛋白质的含量。可应用全局和靶向蛋白质组学策略。靶向蛋白质组学策略会限制要监测的特征数量，然后优化方法以获得针对大量样本的最高灵敏度和通量。全局蛋白质组学策略的优势在于，除了样本之间一种或多种蛋白质种类存在可测量的差异外，无需任何假设。全局蛋白质组学方法试图从给定样本中分离、定量和鉴定所有蛋白质。鉴于进行比较性和定量性全局蛋白质组学分析，本综述仅重点介绍蛋白质和肽的不同分离与定量技术。将讨论蛋白质的凝胶内和凝胶外定量以及相应的质谱技术。本概述聚焦于广泛应用的技术，同时牢记每种方法都是模块化的，且常常相互补充。
