Pôle de Morphologie (MORF), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Ann Surg. 2018 Jun;267(6):1191-1201. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000002181.
The purpose of this study was to assess whether perfusion-decellularization technology could be applied to facial grafts.
Facial allotransplantation remains an experimental procedure. Regenerative medicine techniques allow fabrication of transplantable organs from an individual's own cells, which are seeded into extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds from animal or human organs. Therefore, we hypothesized that ECM scaffolds also can be created from facial subunits. We explored the use of the porcine ear as a clinically relevant face subunit model to develop regenerative medicine-related platforms for facial bioengineering.
Porcine ear grafts were decellularized and histologic, immunologic, and cell culture studies done to determine whether scaffolds retained their 3D framework and molecular content; were biocompatible in vitro and in vivo, and triggered an anti-MHC immune response from the host.
The cellular compartment of the porcine ear was completely removed except for a few cartilaginous cells, leaving behind an acellular ECM scaffold; this scaffold retained its complex 3D architecture and biochemical components. The framework of the vascular tree was intact at all hierarchical levels and sustained a physiologically relevant blood pressure when implanted in vivo. Scaffolds were biocompatible in vitro and in vivo, and elicited no MHC immune response from the host. Cells from different types remained viable and could even differentiate at the scale of a whole-ear scaffold.
Acellular scaffolds were produced from the porcine ear, and may be a valuable platform to treat facial deformities using regenerative medicine approaches.
本研究旨在评估灌流去细胞技术是否可应用于面部移植物。
面部同种异体移植仍然是一种实验性程序。再生医学技术允许使用个体自身的细胞制造可移植的器官，这些细胞被播种到动物或人体器官的细胞外基质（ECM）支架中。因此，我们假设 ECM 支架也可以从面部亚单位创建。我们探索了使用猪耳作为临床相关的面部亚单位模型，以开发用于面部生物工程的再生医学相关平台。
对猪耳移植物进行去细胞化处理，并进行组织学、免疫学和细胞培养研究，以确定支架是否保留其 3D 框架和分子含量；在体外和体内是否具有生物相容性，并引发宿主的抗 MHC 免疫反应。
猪耳的细胞区室被完全去除，除了少数软骨细胞外，留下了无细胞的 ECM 支架；该支架保留了其复杂的 3D 结构和生化成分。血管树的框架在所有层次上都是完整的，当植入体内时可以维持生理相关的血压。支架在体外和体内均具有生物相容性，并且不会引起宿主的 MHC 免疫反应。来自不同类型的细胞仍然存活，甚至可以在整个耳支架的规模上分化。
从猪耳中制备出无细胞支架，可能是使用再生医学方法治疗面部畸形的有价值的平台。
