Wang Xinyue, Guo Jiqiang, Yu Qing, Zhao Luyao, Gao Xiang, Wang Li, Wen Meiling, Yan Junrong, An Meiwen, Liu Yang
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi 030024, China.
Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China.
Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2024 Sep 1;32(5):509-522. doi: 10.4062/biomolther.2024.050. Epub 2024 Aug 2.
Decellularized matrix transplantation has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for repairing tissue defects, with numerous studies assessing its safety and efficacy in both animal models and clinical settings. The host immune response elicited by decellularized matrix grafts of natural biological origin plays a crucial role in determining the success of tissue repair, influenced by matrix heterogeneity and the inflammatory microenvironment of the wound. However, the specific immunologic mechanisms underlying the interaction between decellularized matrix grafts and the host immune system remain elusive. This article reviews the sources of decellularized matrices, available decellularization techniques, and residual immunogenic components. It focuses on the host immune response following decellularized matrix transplantation, with emphasis on the key mechanisms of Toll-like receptor, T-cell receptor, and TGF-β/SMAD signaling in the stages of post-transplantation immunorecognition, immunomodulation, and tissue repair, respectively. Furthermore, it highlights the innovative roles of TLR10 and miR-29a-3p in improving transplantation outcomes. An in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the host immune response after decellularized matrix transplantation provides new directions for the repair of tissue defects.
去细胞基质移植已成为一种很有前景的修复组织缺损的治疗方法，众多研究在动物模型和临床环境中评估了其安全性和有效性。天然生物来源的去细胞基质移植物引发的宿主免疫反应在决定组织修复的成功与否方面起着关键作用，这受到基质异质性和伤口炎症微环境的影响。然而，去细胞基质移植物与宿主免疫系统之间相互作用的具体免疫机制仍不清楚。本文综述了去细胞基质的来源、可用的去细胞技术以及残留的免疫原性成分。它着重探讨了去细胞基质移植后的宿主免疫反应，分别强调了Toll样受体、T细胞受体和TGF-β/SMAD信号通路在移植后免疫识别、免疫调节和组织修复阶段的关键机制。此外，它还突出了TLR10和miR-29a-3p在改善移植结果方面的创新作用。深入了解去细胞基质移植后宿主免疫反应的分子机制为组织缺损的修复提供了新的方向。
