Cutter H S, O'Farrell T J
VA Medical Center, Brockton, MA 02401.
Addict Behav. 1987;12(4):331-43. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(87)90047-5.
This study employed naloxone, an opiate antagonist, to explore whether a learned opioid response, mediated by drinking experience, accounts for ethanol and placebo analgesia. Cold pressor pain was evaluated before and after ethanol (0.5 g/kg), placebo, and no-alcohol control treatments (administered in randomized order) and again after double-blind administration (6 mg/kg) of naloxone to 11 men and saline to 9. A triple interaction of treatments, antagonist conditions, and drinking experience indicated that naloxone as compared to saline diminished ethanol and placebo analgesia among experienced drinkers but had opposite effects among the same men in the control treatment. Six men, who reported that the injection of naloxone had an effect on pain, had higher drinking experience scores than the five men who reported naloxone had no effect. The similar pattern of response to both the alcohol and the placebo treatments suggests that the opioid system response to alcohol is learned.
本研究使用阿片拮抗剂纳洛酮，以探究由饮酒经历介导的习得性阿片类反应是否能解释乙醇和安慰剂镇痛作用。在乙醇（0.5克/千克）、安慰剂和无酒精对照处理（按随机顺序给药）前后评估冷压疼痛，在对11名男性双盲给予纳洛酮（6毫克/千克）和对9名男性给予生理盐水后再次评估。处理、拮抗剂条件和饮酒经历的三重交互作用表明，与生理盐水相比，纳洛酮在有饮酒经历者中减弱了乙醇和安慰剂镇痛作用，但在对照处理中的相同男性中却产生了相反的效果。报告称注射纳洛酮对疼痛有影响的6名男性的饮酒经历得分高于报告称纳洛酮无影响的5名男性。对酒精和安慰剂处理的类似反应模式表明，阿片系统对酒精的反应是习得性的。
