Zhang Xiaohong, Hao Jinfeng, Xia Y U, Chang Yage, Zhang Daochuan, Yin Hong
College of Life Sciences, The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, , Hebei University, 071002 Baoding, P. R. China.
Zootaxa. 2017 Feb 20;4232(4):zootaxa.4232.4.4. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4232.4.4.
The higher taxa classification and phylogeny of the insect order Orthoptera have long been controversial. Hexamerin, as a member of the highly conserved arthropod hemocyanin superfamily, has been shown to be a good marker for the phylogenetic study of insects. However, few studies have used hexamerins on the phylogeny of Orthoptera. In this study, we determined twenty-seven different hexamerin subunit type sequences in seventeen speices of Orthoptera. In order to infer the phylogenetic relationships among the superfamilies within Orthoptera and test the monophyly of Orthoptera, phylogenic trees were reconstructed using Neighbor-Joining (NJ) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods with two dipluran and three hymenopteran hexamerin sequences as outgroups. The result supported the monophyly of Orthoptera, which includes two monophyletic suborders Caelifera and Ensifera. The Caelifera includes Acridoidea, Eumastacoidea, Tetrigoidea and Tridactyloidea, and the Ensifera includes Tettigonioidea, Grylloidea and Gryllotalpoidea. Our study is basically consistent with the study of morphological classification. In addition, our study indicates that a relatively comprehensive taxa sampling is essential to solve some problems in phylogenetic reconstruction.
直翅目昆虫的高级分类和系统发育长期以来一直存在争议。六聚蛋白作为高度保守的节肢动物血蓝蛋白超家族的一员，已被证明是昆虫系统发育研究的良好标记。然而，很少有研究将六聚蛋白用于直翅目的系统发育研究。在本研究中，我们测定了17种直翅目昆虫中27种不同的六聚蛋白亚基类型序列。为了推断直翅目内各总科之间的系统发育关系并检验直翅目的单系性，以两种双尾目和三种膜翅目六聚蛋白序列作为外群，采用邻接法（NJ）和贝叶斯推断（BI）方法重建了系统发育树。结果支持直翅目的单系性，直翅目包括两个单系亚目：蝗亚目和螽亚目。蝗亚目包括蝗总科、短角蝗总科、蚱总科和瘤锥蝗总科，螽亚目包括螽斯科、蟋蟀科和蝼蛄科。我们的研究与形态分类研究基本一致。此外，我们的研究表明，相对全面的类群抽样对于解决系统发育重建中的一些问题至关重要。
