Kurz C Leopold, Charroux Bernard, Chaduli Delphine, Viallat-Lieutaud Annelise, Royet Julien
Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7288, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille Cedex, France.
Elife. 2017 Mar 7;6:e21937. doi: 10.7554/eLife.21937.
As infectious diseases pose a threat to host integrity, eukaryotes have evolved mechanisms to eliminate pathogens. In addition to develop strategies reducing infection, animals can engage in behaviors that lower the impact of the infection. The molecular mechanisms by which microbes impact host behavior are not well understood. We demonstrate that bacterial infection of females reduces oviposition and that peptidoglycan, the component that activates antibacterial response, is also the elicitor of this behavioral change. We show that peptidoglycan regulates egg-laying rate by activating NF-κB signaling pathway in octopaminergic neurons and that, a dedicated peptidoglycan degrading enzyme acts in these neurons to buffer this behavioral response. This study shows that a unique ligand and signaling cascade are used in immune cells to mount an immune response and in neurons to control fly behavior following infection. This may represent a case of behavioral immunity.
由于传染病对宿主的完整性构成威胁，真核生物进化出了消除病原体的机制。除了制定减少感染的策略外，动物还可以通过行为来降低感染的影响。微生物影响宿主行为的分子机制尚不清楚。我们证明，雌性果蝇受到细菌感染会降低产卵量，而激活抗菌反应的成分肽聚糖也是这种行为变化的诱因。我们表明，肽聚糖通过激活章鱼胺能神经元中的NF-κB信号通路来调节产卵率，并且一种专门的肽聚糖降解酶在这些神经元中发挥作用，以缓冲这种行为反应。这项研究表明，一种独特的配体和信号级联在免疫细胞中用于引发免疫反应，在神经元中用于控制感染后果蝇的行为。这可能代表了一种行为免疫的情况。
