Pourmohammadi Behrad, Mohammadi-Azni Sadegh, Kalantari Mohsen
Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Public Health, School of Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Damghan Health Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Acta Trop. 2017 Jun;170:134-139. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.03.001. Epub 2017 Mar 4.
Various species of rodents are proven reservoir hosts of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in different provinces of Iran and potential reservoir hosts of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the leishmanial infection of rodents in Damghan city from April to September, 2015. Sum of 100 rodents of three species; Nesokia indica (95), Mus musculus (3), and Microtus socialis (2), were trapped alive and their tissue samples were examined using parasitological and molecular (nested-PCR) methods. A total of 71% (71/100) of examined rodents were parasitological positive for Leishmania spp. amastigotes. The highest rate (72.6%; 69/95) of infection was related to the N. indica species. The microscopic observations showed that 42% of ear samples were positive. Additionally, 12% of rodents with negative ear result were positive in liver. 16 out of 41 (39%) parasitological positive samples, belonging to the N. indica, were shown molecularly positive. Of which, 15 were L. major (13 of ear and 2 of spleen samples) and one of spleen samples was L. infantum. This is the first report of N. indica natural infection with L. infantum parasite. To understand the role of this rodent as reservoir host of L. infantum, extant ecological and epidemiological studies are needed.
在伊朗不同省份，各种啮齿动物被证实是皮肤利什曼病的贮存宿主，也是内脏利什曼病的潜在贮存宿主。因此，本研究旨在确定2015年4月至9月达姆甘市啮齿动物的利什曼原虫感染情况。共捕获了三种100只啮齿动物，分别为印度地鼠（95只）、小家鼠（3只）和社会田鼠（2只），并对其进行活体捕获，然后使用寄生虫学和分子学（巢式PCR）方法对其组织样本进行检测。在接受检测的啮齿动物中，共有71%（71/100）的动物在寄生虫学检测中发现利什曼原虫无鞭毛体呈阳性。感染率最高的是印度地鼠（72.6%；69/95）。显微镜观察显示，42%的耳部样本呈阳性。此外，耳部检测结果为阴性的啮齿动物中，有12%的肝脏样本呈阳性。在41份寄生虫学检测呈阳性的样本中（均属于印度地鼠），有16份（39%）在分子学检测中呈阳性。其中，15份为硕大利什曼原虫（13份耳部样本和2份脾脏样本），1份脾脏样本为婴儿利什曼原虫。这是印度地鼠自然感染婴儿利什曼原虫寄生虫的首次报告。为了解这种啮齿动物作为婴儿利什曼原虫贮存宿主的作用，还需要进行现有的生态和流行病学研究。
