Turner Jasmine C M, Feeroz Mohammed M, Hasan M Kamrul, Akhtar Sharmin, Walker David, Seiler Patrick, Barman Subrata, Franks John, Jones-Engel Lisa, McKenzie Pamela, Krauss Scott, Webby Richard J, Kayali Ghazi, Webster Robert G
Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2017 Mar 8;6(3):e12. doi: 10.1038/emi.2016.142.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 and low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H9N2 viruses have been recognized as threats to public health in Bangladesh since 2007. Although live bird markets (LBMs) have been implicated in the transmission, dissemination, and circulation of these viruses, an in-depth analysis of the dynamics of avian transmission of H5N1 and H9N2 viruses at the human-animal interface has been lacking. Here we present and evaluate epidemiological findings from active surveillance conducted among poultry in various production sectors in Bangladesh from 2008 to 2016. Overall, the prevalence of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in collected samples was 24%. Our data show that AIVs are more prevalent in domestic birds within LBMs (30.4%) than in farms (9.6%). Quail, chickens and ducks showed a high prevalence of AIVs (>20%). The vast majority of AIVs detected (99.7%) have come from apparently healthy birds and poultry drinking water served as a reservoir of AIVs with a prevalence of 32.5% in collected samples. HPAI H5N1 was more frequently detected in ducks while H9N2 was more common in chickens and quail. LBMs, particularly wholesale markets, have become a potential reservoir for various types of AIVs, including HPAI H5N1 and LPAI H9N2. The persistence of AIVs in LBMs is of great concern to public health, and this study highlights the importance of regularly reviewing and implementing infection control procedures as a means of reducing the exposure of the general public to AIVs.Emerging Microbes & Infections (2017) 6, e12; doi:10.1038/emi.2016.142; published online 8 March 2017.
自2007年以来，高致病性禽流感（HPAI）H5N1病毒和低致病性禽流感（LPAI）H9N2病毒一直被视为孟加拉国公共卫生面临的威胁。尽管活禽市场被认为与这些病毒的传播、扩散和循环有关，但缺乏对H5N1和H9N2病毒在人-动物界面的禽类传播动态的深入分析。在此，我们展示并评估了2008年至2016年期间在孟加拉国不同生产部门的家禽中进行的主动监测的流行病学结果。总体而言，采集样本中禽流感病毒（AIVs）的流行率为24%。我们的数据表明，活禽市场内的家禽中AIVs的流行率（30.4%）高于养殖场（9.6%）。鹌鹑、鸡和鸭的AIVs流行率较高（>20%）。检测到的绝大多数AIVs（99.7%）来自表面健康的禽类，家禽饮用水是AIVs的一个储存库，采集样本中的流行率为32.5%。HPAI H5N1在鸭中更频繁地被检测到，而H9N2在鸡和鹌鹑中更常见。活禽市场，特别是批发市场，已成为包括HPAI H5N1和LPAI H9N2在内的各种类型AIVs的潜在储存库。AIVs在活禽市场中的持续存在对公共卫生构成了重大担忧，本研究强调了定期审查和实施感染控制程序作为减少公众接触AIVs的一种手段的重要性。《新兴微生物与感染》（2017年）6卷，e12；doi:10.1038/emi.2016.142；2017年3月8日在线发表。
