Gao Quan, Sun Jia, Xun Hang, Yao Xi, Wang Jin, Tang Feng
a School of Plant Protection , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei , China.
b State Forestry Administration Key Open Laboratory , International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan , Beijing , China.
Nat Prod Res. 2017 Aug;31(15):1739-1746. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1290616. Epub 2017 Feb 24.
One new compound, 2H, 3H-cyclopent[b] furo [2',3':4,5] naphtho [2,4-d] heptlactone-[3,7] furan-6aceticacid, 3-(acetyloxy)-8-(3-furyl)-2a, 4a, 4b, 4c,5,5a, 6, 6a, 8, 9,9a, 10a,10b-13 hydrogen-2a,5a,6a,5-tetramethyl-3-[[(2E)-2-methyl-1-oxo-2-butenyl]oxy]-methyl ester, named azadirachta R (1), along with 10 known ones, Azadirachta A, AZ-B, AZ-D, AZ-H, AZ-I, nimbin, deacetylnimbin, salannin, deacetylsalannin and azadiradione were isolated from the crude extracts of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seeds, which were determined by UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS and NMR data analyses. According to the in vitro antibacterial activity experimental results, this compound showed good antibacterial activity to two bacteria, the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration of compound 1 to two kinds of bacteria are 50 and 25 mg/L, respectively, which were determined by resazurin colour-micro-dilution method. The experimental results provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilisation of azadirachtin compounds in the future.
从印楝（Azadirachta indica A. Juss）种子的粗提物中分离出一种新化合物，即2H, 3H-环戊[b]呋喃并[2',3':4,5]萘并[2,4-d]庚内酯-[3,7]呋喃-6-乙酸，3-(乙酰氧基)-8-(3-呋喃基)-2a, 4a, 4b, 4c,5,5a, 6, 6a, 8, 9,9a, 10a,10b-13氢-2a,5a,6a,5-四甲基-3-[[(2E)-2-甲基-1-氧代-2-丁烯基]氧基]-甲酯，命名为印楝素R（1），以及10种已知化合物印楝素A、AZ-B、AZ-D、AZ-H、AZ-I、尼姆宾、去乙酰尼姆宾、萨兰宁、去乙酰萨兰宁和印楝二酮。通过紫外、红外、高分辨电喷雾电离质谱和核磁共振数据分析对其进行了鉴定。根据体外抗菌活性实验结果，该化合物对两种细菌表现出良好的抗菌活性，采用刃天青比色微量稀释法测定化合物1对两种细菌的最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度分别为50和25 mg/L。实验结果为今后印楝素类化合物的综合利用提供了理论依据。
