Dresler Martin, Shirer William R, Konrad Boris N, Müller Nils C J, Wagner Isabella C, Fernández Guillén, Czisch Michael, Greicius Michael D
Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 EN Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders (FIND) Lab, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Neuron. 2017 Mar 8;93(5):1227-1235.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.02.003.
Memory skills strongly differ across the general population; however, little is known about the brain characteristics supporting superior memory performance. Here we assess functional brain network organization of 23 of the world's most successful memory athletes and matched controls with fMRI during both task-free resting state baseline and active memory encoding. We demonstrate that, in a group of naive controls, functional connectivity changes induced by 6 weeks of mnemonic training were correlated with the network organization that distinguishes athletes from controls. During rest, this effect was mainly driven by connections between rather than within the visual, medial temporal lobe and default mode networks, whereas during task it was driven by connectivity within these networks. Similarity with memory athlete connectivity patterns predicted memory improvements up to 4 months after training. In conclusion, mnemonic training drives distributed rather than regional changes, reorganizing the brain's functional network organization to enable superior memory performance.
记忆能力在普通人群中差异很大；然而，对于支持卓越记忆表现的大脑特征却知之甚少。在此，我们通过功能磁共振成像（fMRI）评估了23位世界上最成功的记忆运动员及其匹配对照组在无任务静息状态基线和主动记忆编码期间的功能性脑网络组织。我们证明，在一组未经训练的对照组中，6周记忆训练所诱导的功能连接变化与区分运动员和对照组的网络组织相关。在休息期间，这种效应主要由视觉、内侧颞叶和默认模式网络之间而非内部的连接驱动，而在任务期间则由这些网络内部的连接驱动。与记忆运动员连接模式的相似性预测了训练后长达4个月的记忆改善情况。总之，记忆训练驱动的是分布式而非局部性变化，它重组大脑的功能网络组织以实现卓越的记忆表现。
