Layoun Nelly, Salameh Pascal, Waked Mirna, Aoun Bacha Z, Zeenny Rony M, El Hitti Eric, Godin Isabelle, Dramaix Michèle
Research Center in Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research, School of Public Health, UniversitéLibre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2017 Feb 24;11:331-342. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S122877. eCollection 2017.
Health warnings on tobacco packages have been considered an essential pillar in filling the gap of knowledge and communicating the health risks of tobacco use to consumers. Our primary objective was to report the perception of smokers on the textual health warnings already appearing on tobacco packages in Lebanon versus shocking pictures about the health-related smoking consequences and to evaluate their impact on smoking behaviors and motivation.
A pilot cross-sectional study was undertaken between 2013 and 2015 in five hospitals in Lebanon. Participants answered a questionnaire inquiring about sociodemographic characteristics, chronic respiratory symptoms, smoking behavior and motivation to quit smoking. Only-text warning versus shocking pictures was shown to the smokers during the interview.
Exactly 66% of the participants reported that they thought shocking pictorial warnings would hypothetically be more effective tools to reduce/quit tobacco consumption compared to only textual warnings. Also, 31.9% of the smokers who were motivated to stop smoking reported that they actually had stopped smoking for at least 1 month secondary to the textual warnings effects. A higher motivation to quit cigarette smoking was seen among the following groups of smokers: males (odds ratio [OR] =1.8, =0.02), who had stopped smoking for at least 1 month during the last year due to textual warning (OR =2.79, <0.001), who considered it very important to report health warning on cigarette packs (OR =1.92, =0.01), who had chronic expectoration (OR =1.81, =0.06) and who would change their favorite cigarette pack if they found shocking images on the pack (OR =1.95, =0.004).
Low-dependent smokers and highly motivated to quit smokers appeared to be more hypothetically susceptible to shocking pictorial warnings. Motivation to quit was associated with sensitivity to warnings, but not with the presence of all chronic respiratory symptoms.
烟草包装上的健康警示被视为填补知识空白并向消费者传达烟草使用健康风险的重要支柱。我们的主要目标是报告黎巴嫩吸烟者对烟草包装上已有的文字健康警示与关于吸烟健康后果的震撼图片的看法，并评估它们对吸烟行为和戒烟动机的影响。
2013年至2015年期间在黎巴嫩的五家医院开展了一项试点横断面研究。参与者回答了一份问卷，询问社会人口学特征、慢性呼吸道症状、吸烟行为和戒烟动机。在访谈期间向吸烟者展示了仅文字警示与震撼图片。
确切地说，66%的参与者报告称，他们认为与仅文字警示相比，震撼的图片警示在假设情况下会是减少/戒烟的更有效工具。此外，31.9%有戒烟动机的吸烟者报告称，由于文字警示的作用，他们实际上已经戒烟至少1个月。在以下几组吸烟者中观察到更高的戒烟动机：男性（优势比[OR]=1.8，P=0.02），因文字警示在过去一年中至少戒烟1个月的吸烟者（OR=2.79，P<0.001），认为在香烟包装上报告健康警示非常重要的吸烟者（OR=1.92，P=0.01），有慢性咳痰的吸烟者（OR=1.81，P=0.06），以及如果在包装上发现震撼图片就会更换其最喜欢的香烟品牌的吸烟者（OR=1.95，P=0.004）。
低烟瘾吸烟者和有强烈戒烟动机的吸烟者在假设情况下似乎更容易受到震撼图片警示的影响。戒烟动机与对警示的敏感度相关，但与所有慢性呼吸道症状的存在无关。
