Yoshimura Eiichi, Hatamoto Yoichi, Yonekura Satomi, Tanaka Hiroaki
Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100 Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan.
Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
Physiol Behav. 2017 May 15;174:89-94. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.03.008. Epub 2017 Mar 9.
Many epidemiological studies indicate a positive relationship between skipping breakfast (SB) and obesity. However, it is unclear whether SB affects energy intake and physical activity during the day. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the acute effects of SB on energy intake and physical activity under free-living conditions. The present study used a randomized, crossover trial design comparing eating breakfast (EB) and SB days. Twenty lean, healthy women 21-25years old who were habitual breakfast eaters (≥5daysperweek) took part in this study. On EB days, participants were provided a standard breakfast (542kcal). The meals and physical activity after breakfast were under free-living conditions. The meals consisted of foods available at supermarkets, restaurants, and convenience stores. Dietary intake was evaluated by adding values from food labels. Physical activity was assessed using a tri-axial accelerometer. Energy intake at lunch was significantly increased after SB compared with EB (+131±188kcal; p=0.0057). Total energy intake per day was significantly lower after SB compared with EB (-262±428kcal, p=0.013). Physical activity energy expenditure was slightly lower after SB compared with EB (-41±75kcal in the morning, p=0.024; -56±129kcalperday, p=0.064). Step counts and time spent physically active over the whole day were not significantly different between conditions. Skipping breakfast reduced energy intake during the day and morning physical activity in healthy women who were habitual breakfast eaters. The decreased energy expenditure related to physical activity after SB did not exceed the decreased energy intake.
许多流行病学研究表明不吃早餐（SB）与肥胖之间存在正相关关系。然而，尚不清楚不吃早餐是否会影响白天的能量摄入和身体活动。本研究的目的是评估在自由生活条件下不吃早餐对能量摄入和身体活动的急性影响。本研究采用随机交叉试验设计，比较吃早餐（EB）日和不吃早餐日。20名年龄在21 - 25岁、习惯吃早餐（每周≥5天）的瘦健康女性参与了本研究。在吃早餐日，为参与者提供标准早餐（542千卡）。早餐后的饮食和身体活动处于自由生活条件下。饮食包括超市、餐馆和便利店提供的食物。通过添加食品标签上的值来评估饮食摄入量。使用三轴加速度计评估身体活动。与吃早餐相比，不吃早餐后午餐时的能量摄入量显著增加（+131±188千卡；p = 0.0057）。与吃早餐相比，不吃早餐后每天的总能量摄入量显著降低（-262±428千卡，p = 0.01）。与吃早餐相比，不吃早餐后身体活动的能量消耗略低（上午-41±75千卡，p = 0.024；每天-56±129千卡，p = 0.）。不同条件下全天的步数和身体活动时间没有显著差异。不吃早餐会减少习惯吃早餐的健康女性白天的能量摄入和早晨的身体活动。不吃早餐后与身体活动相关的能量消耗减少并未超过能量摄入的减少。
