Kushalnagar Poorna, Bruce Sheila, Sutton Tina, Leigh Irene W
Gallaudet University, Washington, DC, USA.
Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA.
J Dev Phys Disabil. 2017 Feb;29(1):25-34. doi: 10.1007/s10882-016-9501-5. Epub 2016 Jul 2.
This paper describes the relationship between retrospective communication difficulties and current depressive symptomatology. A total of 143 deaf/hard-of-hearing late adolescents and adults (64 % White; 55 % female) completed questionnaires related to parent communication, language history and current psychological functioning. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the likelihood of having depression that is associated with understanding parents' communication after controlling for gender, hearing level, and language history. Significant odds ratio indicated that the difficulties in understanding basic communication with parents increased the odds of depression symptomatology. The odds ratio indicates that when holding all other variables constant, the odds of reporting depression were at least 8 times higher for those who reported being able to understand some to none of what the same-sex parent said. For the different-gender parent, only the mother's communication with the male individual was associated with depression. Although our study findings suggest that DHH men and women with history of communication difficulties at home are at risk for depression in adulthood, they do not provide information on the causal mechanisms linking communication difficulties early in life and depression later in life. Greater attention should be given to promoting healthy communication between DHH girls and their mothers as well as DHH boys and their fathers, which might reduce the impact on later emergence of depression in the DHH individual.
本文描述了回顾性沟通困难与当前抑郁症状之间的关系。共有143名失聪/听力障碍的青少年晚期及成年人（64%为白人；55%为女性）完成了与父母沟通、语言史及当前心理功能相关的问卷调查。在控制了性别、听力水平和语言史之后，使用逻辑回归模型来估计与理解父母沟通相关的患抑郁症的可能性。显著的优势比表明，在理解与父母的基本沟通方面存在的困难增加了出现抑郁症状的几率。优势比表明，在保持所有其他变量不变的情况下，对于那些表示对同性父母所说内容只能理解一部分或完全无法理解的人来说，报告患抑郁症的几率至少高出8倍。对于不同性别的父母，只有母亲与男性个体的沟通与抑郁症有关。虽然我们的研究结果表明，在家中有沟通困难史的失聪/听力障碍男性和女性在成年后有患抑郁症的风险，但它们并未提供关于将生命早期的沟通困难与生命后期的抑郁症联系起来的因果机制的信息。应该更加关注促进失聪/听力障碍女孩与母亲以及失聪/听力障碍男孩与父亲之间的健康沟通，这可能会减少对失聪/听力障碍个体后期出现抑郁症的影响。
