Króliczewska Bożena, Graczyk Stanisław, Króliczewski Jarosław, Pliszczak-Król Aleksandra, Miśta Dorota, Zawadzki Wojciech
Department of Animal Physiology and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology and Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2017 Mar 1;8:22. doi: 10.1186/s40104-017-0152-x. eCollection 2017.
The health of chickens and the welfare of poultry industry are central to the efforts of addressing global food security. Therefore, it is essential to study chicken immunology to maintain and improve its health and to find novel and sustainable solutions. This paper presents a study on investigation of the effect of root (SBR) on the immune response of broiler chicken, especially on lymphocytes and heterophils reactivity, regarding their contribution to the development of immunity of the chickens.
The 121-day-old Hubbard Hi-Y male broiler hybrids were randomly assigned to four treatment groups, three SBR supplemented groups (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% of SBR) and one control group. Each treatment was replicated five times with six birds per replicate pen in a battery brooder. Blood was collected after 3 and 6 wk of the experiment, and hemoglobin and hematocrit values were determined, as well as total leukocyte count and differential count were performed. Nitroblue tetrazolium test and phagocytosis assay as nonspecific immune parameters and humoral immune responses to the antigenic challenge by sheep red blood cells were performed. Moreover, the ability of peripheral blood lymphocytes to form radial segmentation (RS) of their nuclei was analyzed. Body weight and relative weight of spleen, liver, and bursa of Fabricius were recorded.
Results showed that mean heterophile/lymphocyte ratio increased in the SBR groups compared to the control group and the blood of the chickens showed lymphocytic depletion. The results also demonstrated that the relative weight of bursa of Fabricius and spleen in groups fed with SBR significantly decreased compared to the control group. This study also showed that the addition of SBR significantly inhibited the formation of RS of nuclei compared to some cytotoxic substances.
We found that SBR supplementation should be carefully evaluated when given to poultry. The excess intake of SBR supplementation may cause immunologic inhibition and may negatively affect the development of immune organs. SBR has inhibited the formation of radial segmentation nuclei showing antimetastatic properties and also the phagocytosis of chicken heterophils.
鸡的健康和家禽业的福利是解决全球粮食安全问题的核心。因此，研究鸡的免疫学对于维持和改善其健康状况以及寻找新颖且可持续的解决方案至关重要。本文呈现了一项关于研究根提取物（SBR）对肉鸡免疫反应的影响的研究，特别是对淋巴细胞和异嗜性粒细胞反应性的影响，以及它们对鸡免疫力发展的贡献。
将121日龄的哈伯德Hi - Y雄性肉鸡杂交种随机分为四个处理组，三个添加SBR的组（SBR含量分别为0.5%、1.0%和1.5%）和一个对照组。每个处理重复五次，每个重复栏中有六只鸡，饲养在层叠式育雏器中。在实验的第3周和第6周后采集血液，测定血红蛋白和血细胞比容值，并进行总白细胞计数和分类计数。进行硝基蓝四氮唑试验和吞噬作用测定作为非特异性免疫参数，并对抗绵羊红细胞抗原刺激的体液免疫反应进行检测。此外，分析外周血淋巴细胞形成核放射状分割（RS）的能力。记录体重以及脾脏、肝脏和法氏囊的相对重量。
结果显示，与对照组相比，SBR组的平均异嗜性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值增加，并且鸡的血液显示淋巴细胞减少。结果还表明，与对照组相比，喂食SBR的组中法氏囊和脾脏的相对重量显著降低。该研究还表明，与一些细胞毒性物质相比，添加SBR显著抑制了核RS的形成。
我们发现，给家禽补充SBR时应谨慎评估。过量摄入SBR补充剂可能会导致免疫抑制，并可能对免疫器官的发育产生负面影响。SBR抑制了核放射状分割的形成，显示出抗转移特性，并且还抑制了鸡异嗜性粒细胞的吞噬作用。
