Guo Xiao, Shang Xiaofei, Li Bing, Zhou Xu Zheng, Wen Hao, Zhang Jiyu
Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China.
Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China.
Vet Parasitol. 2017 Mar 15;236:51-54. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.01.028. Epub 2017 Feb 1.
In this paper, the acaricidal activities of Rhododendron nivale Hook. f. and its main compound, δ-cadinene were investigated, and the chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed. The results showed that among aqueous, 70% ethanols, acetic ether, chloroform, petroleum ether and essential oil extracts from the shoots and leaves, the essential oil showed the best in vitro acaricidal activity against adult P. cuniculi, which occurred in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The median lethal time (LT) values of four concentrations (33.33-4.17mg/ml) of the essential oil ranged from 1.476 to 25.900h, respectively. After the treatment of P. cuniculi with the essential oil and ivermectin, infected rabbits were free of scabs or secretions in the ear canal by day 20. Then, the percent yield of essential oil from the leaves and shoots was 2.45% (w/w), which includes 50 compounds. The primary component identified was terpenes, and among of compounds identified from the essential oil of R. nivale the highest relative content was δ-cadinene, which also presented the marked acaricidal activity against Psoroptes cuniculi in vitro. These findings provide evidence for the use of acaricides as a traditional medicine and indicate that the essential oil and δ-cadinene could be used to control mites in livestock.
本文研究了雪层杜鹃（Rhododendron nivale Hook. f.）及其主要化合物δ-杜松烯的杀螨活性，并分析了其挥发油的化学成分。结果表明，在茎和叶的水提取物、70%乙醇提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物、氯仿提取物、石油醚提取物和挥发油提取物中，挥发油对兔痒螨成虫的体外杀螨活性最佳，且呈浓度和时间依赖性。挥发油四个浓度（33.33 - 4.17mg/ml）的半数致死时间（LT）值分别为1.476至25.900小时。用挥发油和伊维菌素处理兔痒螨后，感染的兔子在第20天时耳道内无结痂或分泌物。叶和茎的挥发油得率为2.45%（w/w），其中包含50种化合物。鉴定出的主要成分是萜类化合物，在雪层杜鹃挥发油鉴定出的化合物中，相对含量最高的是δ-杜松烯，其在体外对兔痒螨也具有显著的杀螨活性。这些发现为杀螨剂作为传统药物的应用提供了证据，并表明挥发油和δ-杜松烯可用于控制家畜中的螨虫。
