Praus P, Riedel-Heller S, Dressing H
Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, J5, 68159, Mannheim, Deutschland.
Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland.
Nervenarzt. 2018 Jan;89(1):58-63. doi: 10.1007/s00115-017-0304-4.
Currently, there are clear indications that due to their exposed occupational position psychiatrists and psychotherapists are at a higher risk than the general public to become the victim of stalking by patients.
This study investigated the frequency of stalking and its psychosocial impact among psychiatrists and psychotherapists in the Federal Republic of Germany.
Analysis of an online survey among members of the German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (DGPPN) from 23 September 2015 until 22 October 2015.
Of the respondents 26.5% reported having been the victim of stalking. In more than a third of the reported cases the stalking was described as severely or very severely debilitating. The majority of the perpetrators suffered from psychotic or personality disorders. Male victims were significantly more frequently stalked by a female perpetrator. Approximately 1 in 10 stalking victims continued the treatment of the perpetrator. The majority of the stalking victims did not obtain substantial support from their employer.
The phenomenon of stalking within therapeutic relationships needs to be incorporated into the medical and psychotherapeutic professional training, e. g. by implementing specialized training courses and the systematic integration of this topic into clinical supervision. The institutional dealing with stalking by patients needs to optimized, e. g. by promptly transferring treatment of patients who stalk to other professionals and, where required, providing assistance in reporting stalking incidents to the police.
目前，有明确迹象表明，由于其职业暴露的地位，精神科医生和心理治疗师比普通公众更容易成为患者跟踪骚扰的受害者。
本研究调查了德意志联邦共和国精神科医生和心理治疗师中跟踪骚扰行为的发生频率及其社会心理影响。
对德国精神科、心理治疗与身心医学协会（DGPPN）成员在2015年9月23日至2015年10月22日期间进行的一项在线调查进行分析。
26.5%的受访者报告曾是跟踪骚扰行为的受害者。在超过三分之一的报告案例中，跟踪骚扰行为被描述为严重或非常严重地使人衰弱。大多数肇事者患有精神疾病或人格障碍。男性受害者被女性肇事者跟踪骚扰的频率明显更高。大约十分之一的跟踪骚扰受害者继续对肇事者进行治疗。大多数跟踪骚扰受害者没有从雇主那里获得实质性支持。
治疗关系中的跟踪骚扰现象需要纳入医学和心理治疗专业培训，例如通过开设专门培训课程以及将该主题系统地纳入临床督导。处理患者跟踪骚扰行为的机构需要进行优化，例如通过及时将跟踪骚扰患者的治疗转交给其他专业人员，并在需要时协助向警方报告跟踪骚扰事件。
