Mays Darren, Hawkins Kirsten B, Bredfeldt Christine, Wolf Hilary, Tercyak Kenneth P
Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3300 Whitehaven St., NW, Suite 4100, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Transl Behav Med. 2017 Jun;7(2):196-203. doi: 10.1007/s13142-017-0481-5.
Messages emphasizing the harms of smoking (loss-framed) or the benefits of not smoking (gain-framed) may be effective for engaging adolescents with tobacco prevention resources. This novel approach could help to close a gap in tobacco prevention intervention delivery in the pediatric primary care setting. To examine the effects of framed messages for engaging adolescents with an evidence-based smoking prevention website, adolescents ages 12 to 17 presenting for primary care well-visits were recruited for a three-arm experiment. Participants completed baseline measures including demographics, smoking behavior, and smoking susceptibility and were randomized to view 1 of 3 messages introducing an evidence-based smoking prevention website: (1) gain-framed communicating the benefits of avoiding smoking, (2) loss-framed communicating the harms of smoking, or (3) neutral. Self-reported website engagement was assessed at 1-month follow-up. Participants (279) (87% of those enrolled) completed a follow-up (M age 14.9 years, 66% female, 32% non-white race, 47% non-susceptible never smokers, 53% susceptible never smokers/ever smokers). Overall, 26% of participants reported website engagement. After adjusting for baseline intentions to visit the website, engagement was significantly greater in response to the loss-framed message than the gain-framed (odds ratio [OR] 3.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51, 6.15) and neutral (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.15, 4.63) messages. The message framing effects did not differ by baseline smoking risk. Loss-framed messages emphasizing the harms of smoking may be effective for engaging adolescents with smoking prevention resources.
强调吸烟危害（损失框架）或不吸烟益处（获益框架）的信息，可能对促使青少年利用烟草预防资源有效。这种新颖的方法有助于填补儿科初级保健环境中烟草预防干预实施方面的空白。为了检验框架信息对促使青少年使用循证戒烟网站的效果，招募了前来进行初级保健健康检查的12至17岁青少年进行一项三臂实验。参与者完成了包括人口统计学、吸烟行为和吸烟易感性在内的基线测量，并被随机分配观看介绍循证戒烟网站的三条信息中的一条：（1）获益框架，传达避免吸烟的益处；（2）损失框架，传达吸烟的危害；或（3）中性。在1个月随访时评估自我报告的网站参与度。参与者（279人）（占入组者的87%）完成了随访（平均年龄14.9岁，66%为女性，32%为非白人种族，47%为不易感的从不吸烟者，53%为易感的从不吸烟者/曾经吸烟者）。总体而言，26%的参与者报告有网站参与度。在调整了访问网站的基线意向后，与获益框架信息（优势比[OR] 3.05，95%置信区间[CI] 1.51，6.15）和中性信息（OR 2.31，95% CI 1.15，4.63）相比，损失框架信息引发的参与度显著更高。信息框架效应在基线吸烟风险方面没有差异。强调吸烟危害的损失框架信息可能对促使青少年利用吸烟预防资源有效。
