Fasczewski Kimberly S, Gill Diane L, Rothberger Sara M
a Department of Health and Exercise Science , Appalachian State University , Boone , NC , USA.
b Department of Kinesiology , The University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro , NC , USA.
Disabil Rehabil. 2018 Jun;40(13):1517-1523. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1300946. Epub 2017 Mar 14.
Multiple sclerosis is a degenerative neurological disease that affects 2.1 million people worldwide. There is no cure, but an expanding body of research supports the positive impact of physical activity and suggests physical activity has benefits for the individual's psychological and physical well-being.
Using Self-Determination Theory as a framework, mixed methods with a focus on qualitative interviews were used to explore physical activity motivation and benefits with a sample of highly active people with multiple sclerosis (n = 15). Disability level ranged from not disabled to wheelchair bound with the majority of participants reporting minimal impact from multiple sclerosis. Survey data were collected using a number of open-ended questions along with measures of self-efficacy, self-determined motivation, physical activity, and quality of life. Additionally, eight individuals participated in semistructured telephone interviews focused on (a) motivation and strategies used to maintain physical activity and (b) the benefits and impact of physical activity in their lives.
The main findings were consistent with Self-Determination Theory; participants described feelings of accomplishment and competence in both their physical activity and daily life, as well as a sense of independence and autonomy. Similarly, all participants cited benefits, and the main themes were enhanced satisfaction with life and an overall positive outlook on life.
Results provide insight into the role of physical activity in a highly active sample and have implications for professionals working in physical activity settings with the multiple sclerosis population. Interventions aimed at increasing long-term physical activity adherence should focus on increasing autonomy and competence for physical activity in the individual and promoting potential increased quality of life outcomes from physical activity participation. Implications for Rehabilitation Multiple sclerosis is a chronic degenerative neurological disease that the individual lives with for a majority of the lifespan. Physical activity is one means that has been shown to aid is the control of multiple sclerosis symptoms. Increasing patient understanding of the benefits of using physical activity as a means to control multiple sclerosis symptoms may result in long-term physical activity adherence. Physical activity interventions that develop feelings of competence and independent choice in the patient may be more successful for long-term participation.
多发性硬化症是一种退行性神经疾病，全球有210万人受其影响。目前尚无治愈方法，但越来越多的研究支持体育活动的积极影响，并表明体育活动对个人的心理和身体健康有益。
以自我决定理论为框架，采用以定性访谈为主的混合方法，对15名多发性硬化症高活动水平患者进行抽样，探讨体育活动动机及益处。残疾程度从不残疾到需要轮椅辅助，大多数参与者报告多发性硬化症对其影响极小。通过一系列开放式问题以及自我效能感、自我决定动机、体育活动和生活质量测量来收集调查数据。此外，8人参与了半结构化电话访谈，访谈重点为：（a）维持体育活动的动机和策略；（b）体育活动在其生活中的益处和影响。
主要研究结果与自我决定理论一致；参与者描述了在体育活动和日常生活中的成就感和能力感，以及独立和自主感。同样，所有参与者都提到了益处，主要主题是对生活的满意度提高和对生活的总体积极看法。
研究结果为体育活动在高活动水平样本中的作用提供了见解，对在多发性硬化症患者群体中从事体育活动工作的专业人员具有启示意义。旨在提高长期体育活动依从性的干预措施应侧重于增强个体体育活动的自主性和能力感，并促进因参与体育活动而可能提高的生活质量。康复意义 多发性硬化症是一种慢性退行性神经疾病，患者在大部分生命阶段都与之相伴。体育活动是已被证明有助于控制多发性硬化症症状的一种方式。提高患者对将体育活动作为控制多发性硬化症症状手段的益处的认识，可能会带来长期的体育活动依从性。在患者中培养能力感和独立选择感的体育活动干预措施，可能在长期参与方面更成功。
