Madigan Claire D, Grimmett Chloe, Sweet Shane N, Daley Amanda J, Kettle Victoria E, Phillips Bethan, Graham Henrietta E
Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour (CLiMB), Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
The School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
Int J Behav Med. 2024 Nov 18. doi: 10.1007/s12529-024-10335-w.
Many adults do not meet physical activity recommendations for optimal health, and this is often because people find it difficult to maintain physical activity in the long term. This study focuses on identifying and synthesising factors that may influence the maintenance of physical activity in adults with and without known health conditions.
A systematic review and qualitative synthesis using thematic analysis was conducted. Four databases (MEDLINE, SPORT Discus, APA, and Web of Science) were systematically searched for studies published from inception to February 2023 that included qualitative data about people's experiences of maintaining physical activity.
A total of 9337 abstracts were screened and 68 studies from 14 countries were included. Six main themes were identified: (1) influence of others (e.g. four forms of social support, accountability); (2) contextual and environmental influences (e.g. cost and access of physical activity, weather); (3) health-related influences (e.g. reflexivity about how physical activity improves health conditions, weight control); (4) making it work (e.g. flexibility, prioritising exercise); (5) habits; and (6) psychological processes (e.g. enjoyment, identifying as a physically active person).
People who maintained their participation in physical activity found it enjoyable, prioritised it, and integrated it into their daily routine. Participants were motivated to continue being physically active when they realised the benefits for their health. Social support, in particular companion support, was a key component facilitating continued engagement. Findings specific to maintenance of physical activity included reflexivity of how physical activity benefited health, flexibility, and identifying as a physically active person.
许多成年人未达到促进最佳健康所需的身体活动建议标准，这通常是因为人们发现长期维持身体活动很困难。本研究聚焦于识别和综合可能影响有或没有已知健康状况的成年人维持身体活动的因素。
进行了一项采用主题分析的系统综述和定性综合分析。系统检索了四个数据库（医学文献数据库、体育文献数据库、美国心理学会数据库和科学网），以查找从数据库建立至2023年2月发表的、包含有关人们维持身体活动经历的定性数据的研究。
共筛选了9337篇摘要，纳入了来自14个国家的68项研究。确定了六个主要主题：（1）他人的影响（例如四种社会支持形式、问责制）；（2）背景和环境影响（例如体育活动的成本和可及性、天气）；（3）与健康相关的影响（例如对体育活动如何改善健康状况、控制体重的反思）；（4）使其可行（例如灵活性、优先安排锻炼）；（5）习惯；以及（6）心理过程（例如享受、认同自己是一个积极进行体育活动的人）。
维持身体活动参与度的人觉得这很有趣，将其列为优先事项，并将其融入日常生活。当参与者意识到体育活动对健康有益时，他们就有动力继续保持积极的身体活动。社会支持，尤其是同伴支持，是促进持续参与的关键因素。关于维持身体活动的具体发现包括对体育活动如何有益于健康的反思、灵活性以及认同自己是一个积极进行体育活动的人。
