[Well-digger's lung].

The essential occupation of well-digger includes wells drilling and maintenance in order to provide water. He comes in contact with various minerals, especially silica, whose particles unquestionably are a contributing factor to pulmonary diseases known as silicosis. Our study aims to highlight the epidemiological, clinical, radiological and evolutionary features of well-diggers with silicosis. We conducted a retrospective study of 54 well-diggers with silicosis whose data were collected in the Department of Respiratory Diseases at the University Hospital Ibn Rushd of Casablanca from March 1997 to January 2016. All patients were male well-diggers with an average age of 50 years. Smoking was found in 36 cases and a personal history of tuberculosis was observed in eight cases. Chest x-ray showed large opacities in 39 cases, small opacities in 15 cases and septat thickening in 11 cases. Silicosis was complicated by bacterial infection in 37% of cases, by pneumothorax in 4% of cases and by tuberculosis in 20% of cases. Therapeutic approach was established based on these complications. A declaration of occupational disease and compensation was made. Outcome was good in 12 cases, stationary in 17 cases and poor in 16 cases. Silicosis is a common pneumoconiosis among well-diggers. It affects lung function. We here highlight its frequent association with tuberculosis and emphasize on prevention which is the best treatment.