Mahmoodi Hassan, Golboni Farzaneh, Nadrian Haidar, Zareipour Moradali, Shirzadi Shayesteh, Gheshlagh Reza Ghanei
Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2017 Mar 15;5(1):91-96. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2017.009. Epub 2017 Jan 9.
The aim of this study was to investigate the mother-father differences in Postnatal Psychological Distress (PPD) and its determinants among the parents with 8-weeks old children.
In this cross-sectional study, applying simple random sampling, 306 postnatal parents with an 8-weeks old infant in Saqqez County, Iran, were invited to answer the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) items through the telephone interview. Fifty-eight subjects declined to participate in the study (Response Rate = 81.04%). The data were analysed using the SPSS Statistics v. 21.
About 16.9% of all the parents had PPD. The difference in the prevalence of PPD in three dimensions between the two groups were statistically significant (p < 0.01): social dysfunction (25.8% for fathers vs. 5.6% for mothers), somatic disorders (21% for fathers vs. 7.3% for mothers), and anxiety (21% for fathers vs. 6.5% for mothers). The mode of delivery of the mothers and the level of education, the number of children, monthly income, and being consent with pregnancy among the fathers were significant predictors for PPD.
The level of PPD was more prevalent among the new fathers compared to the new mothers. Among the fathers, but not the mothers, socioeconomic characteristics were contributed to PPD. Considering the differences in risk factors for maternal and paternal PPD, our findings may help family health care providers and policymakers in designing gender-specific intervention programs and diagnosis tools aimed at PPD prevention among new parents.
本研究旨在调查有8周大孩子的父母中，产后心理困扰（PPD）及其决定因素在父母之间的差异。
在这项横断面研究中，采用简单随机抽样方法，邀请了伊朗萨盖兹县306名有8周大婴儿的产后父母通过电话访谈回答一般健康问卷-28（GHQ-28）项目。58名受试者拒绝参与研究（应答率 = 81.04%）。使用SPSS Statistics v. 21对数据进行分析。
所有父母中约16.9%患有PPD。两组在PPD三个维度的患病率差异具有统计学意义（p < 0.01）：社会功能障碍（父亲为25.8%，母亲为5.6%）、躯体疾病（父亲为21%，母亲为7.3%）和焦虑（父亲为21%，母亲为6.5%）。母亲的分娩方式、父亲的教育水平、子女数量、月收入以及对怀孕的接受程度是PPD的重要预测因素。
与新妈妈相比，新爸爸中PPD的水平更为普遍。在父亲而非母亲中，社会经济特征与PPD有关。考虑到母婴PPD风险因素的差异，我们的研究结果可能有助于家庭医疗保健提供者和政策制定者设计针对性别的干预项目和诊断工具，以预防新父母的PPD。
