Ruzek Josef I, Kuhn Eric, Jaworski Beth K, Owen Jason E, Ramsey Kelly M
National Center for PTSD, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
Mhealth. 2016 Sep 29;2:37. doi: 10.21037/mhealth.2016.08.06. eCollection 2016.
Mobile technologies offer potentially critical ways of delivering mental health support to those experiencing war, ethnic conflict, and human-caused and natural disasters. Research on Internet interventions suggests that effective mobile mental health technologies can be developed, and there are early indications that they will be acceptable to war and disaster survivors, and prove capable of greatly increasing the reach of mental health services. Promising mhealth interventions include video teleconferencing, text messaging, and smartphone-based applications. In addition, a variety of social media platforms has been used during and immediately after disasters to increase agility in responding, and strengthen community and individual resilience. Globally, PTSD Coach has been downloaded over 243,000 times in 96 countries, and together with large-scale use of social media for communication during disasters, suggests the potential for reach of app technology. In addition to enabling improved self-management of post-trauma problems, mobile phone interventions can also enhance delivery of face-to-face care by mental health providers and increase the effectiveness of peer helpers and mutual aid organizations. More research is needed to establish the efficacy of mhealth interventions for those affected by war and disaster. Research should also focus on the identification of active elements and core processes of change, determination of effective ways of increasing adoption and engagement, and explore ways of combining the various capabilities of mobile technologies to maximize their impact.
移动技术为向经历战争、种族冲突以及人为和自然灾害的人们提供心理健康支持提供了潜在的关键途径。对互联网干预措施的研究表明，可以开发有效的移动心理健康技术，并且有早期迹象表明，这些技术将为战争和灾难幸存者所接受，并证明能够大大扩大心理健康服务的覆盖范围。有前景的移动健康干预措施包括视频电话会议、短信和基于智能手机的应用程序。此外，在灾难期间及灾后立即使用了各种社交媒体平台，以提高应对的灵活性，并增强社区和个人的恢复力。在全球范围内，“创伤后应激障碍指导”（PTSD Coach）在96个国家的下载量已超过24.3万次，再加上灾难期间大规模使用社交媒体进行通信，这表明了应用程序技术的覆盖潜力。除了能够改善创伤后问题的自我管理外，手机干预措施还可以加强心理健康服务提供者提供面对面护理的能力，并提高同伴帮助者和互助组织的有效性。需要更多研究来确定移动健康干预措施对受战争和灾难影响者的疗效。研究还应侧重于确定积极因素和核心变化过程，确定提高采用率和参与度的有效方法，并探索结合移动技术的各种功能以最大化其影响的方法。
