Samos Franziska-Antonia, Heise Marcus, Fuchs Stephan, Mittmann Susanne, Bauer Alexander, Klement Andreas
Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Medical Faculty, Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany.
GMS J Med Educ. 2017 Feb 15;34(1):Doc4. doi: 10.3205/zma001081. eCollection 2017.
Primary health care in rural regions is currently undergoing a global crisis in respect of the next generation of practitioners. National and international recommendations advise placing greater emphasis upon practical skills and competences in medical studies. It is also in the interest of training the next generation to include mentoring and longitudinal integration of contact to teaching practices for general medicine in an early stage. Consequently, the (KAM) was introduced in Halle in 2011 as an elective with 20 individually mentored students per year, beginning with the first subject-related semester. We are now reporting on the results of the evaluation for the first two years. A standardised online survey was carried out with all students who took part in the KAM in the two years 2011 and 2012 (N=38). For both years the survey was made at the end of the first summer semester on the basis of an adapted version of the and the . Furthermore, each year the preference for the choice of specialty and location of a medical practice was queried. Predictors for the preference of the chosen specialty and the location of a medical practice were estimated by binary logistic regression analysis. Via univariate evaluations the number of students who reported an increase in knowledge in different areas of competence as a result of the KAM was counted. Correlations between the intention to remain in the KAM and the quality of teaching were evaluated on the basis of bivariate correlations. 48% of the students agreed partly or fully that the KAM seminars enhanced their specialist competence. This individual acquiring of competence in the model project represented a significant predictor for the preferred choice of the area (OR 7.98; 95% CI [1.27-50.27], p=0.027). Students who assessed the commitment (r=0.504), support (r=0.526) and interaction management (r=0.529) of the mentors positively were more likely inclined to continue their participation in the KAM. The successful conveyance of care-relevant competences to students proved to be an important predictor in our project for the preference of the specialty general practice. This requires that the medical mentors are suitably trained and that the students are specifically prepared for practical experience.
农村地区的初级卫生保健目前在下一代从业者方面正面临全球危机。国家和国际建议主张在医学学习中更加强调实践技能和能力。从早期就将指导以及与普通医学教学实践的纵向整合纳入对下一代的培训也很有必要。因此，2011年在哈雷引入了“综合实践培训”（KAM）作为一门选修课，每年有20名学生接受个别指导，从第一个与学科相关的学期开始。我们现在报告前两年的评估结果。对2011年和2012年参加KAM的所有学生（N = 38）进行了标准化在线调查。这两年的调查均在第一个夏季学期末基于改编版的[具体问卷1]和[具体问卷2]进行。此外，每年都会询问学生对专业选择和医疗实践地点的偏好。通过二元逻辑回归分析估计所选专业偏好和医疗实践地点的预测因素。通过单变量评估，统计了报告因KAM在不同能力领域知识有所增加的学生人数。基于双变量相关性评估了留在KAM的意愿与教学质量之间的相关性。48%的学生部分或完全同意KAM研讨会增强了他们的专业能力。在模型项目中这种个人能力的获得是该领域首选的一个重要预测因素（OR 7.98；95% CI [1.27 - 50.27]，p = 0.027）。对导师的投入（r = 0.504）、支持（r = 0.526）和互动管理（r = 0.529）给予积极评价的学生更有可能倾向于继续参与KAM。在我们的项目中，成功地向学生传授与护理相关的能力被证明是对普通实践专业偏好的一个重要预测因素。这要求医学导师接受适当培训，并且学生要为实践经验做好专门准备。
