van Wermeskerken Margot, Litchfield Damien, van Gog Tamara
Department of Education, Utrecht University.
Institute of Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam.
Cogn Sci. 2018 Jan;42(1):220-252. doi: 10.1111/cogs.12484. Epub 2017 Mar 13.
Displays of eye movements may convey information about cognitive processes but require interpretation. We investigated whether participants were able to interpret displays of their own or others' eye movements. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants observed an image under three different viewing instructions. Then they were shown static or dynamic gaze displays and had to judge whether it was their own or someone else's eye movements and what instruction was reflected. Participants were capable of recognizing the instruction reflected in their own and someone else's gaze display. Instruction recognition was better for dynamic displays, and only this condition yielded above chance performance in recognizing the display as one's own or another person's (Experiments 1 and 2). Experiment 3 revealed that order information in the gaze displays facilitated instruction recognition when transitions between fixated regions distinguish one viewing instruction from another. Implications of these findings are discussed.
眼球运动的展示可能传达有关认知过程的信息，但需要进行解读。我们研究了参与者是否能够解读自己或他人眼球运动的展示。在实验1和实验2中，参与者在三种不同的观看指导下观察一幅图像。然后向他们展示静态或动态的注视展示，他们必须判断这是自己的还是其他人的眼球运动，以及反映了什么指导。参与者能够识别自己和他人注视展示中反映的指导。对于动态展示，指导识别更好，并且只有在这种情况下，在将展示识别为自己的或他人的展示方面才产生了高于机会水平的表现（实验1和实验2）。实验3表明，当注视区域之间的转换将一种观看指导与另一种区分开来时，注视展示中的顺序信息有助于指导识别。讨论了这些发现的意义。
