Li Chunxiao, Khoo Selina, Adnan Athirah
Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Sports Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Mar;96(11):e6328. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000006328.
The aim of this review is to synthesize the evidence on the effects of aquatic exercise interventions on physical function and fitness among people with spinal cord injury.
Six major databases were searched from inception till June 2015: MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsychInfo, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials.
Two reviewers independently rated methodological quality using the modified Downs and Black Scale and extracted and synthesized key findings (i.e., participant characteristics, study design, physical function and fitness outcomes, and adverse events).
Eight of 276 studies met the inclusion criteria, of which none showed high research quality. Four studies assessed physical function outcomes and 4 studies evaluated aerobic fitness as outcome measures. Significant improvements on these 2 outcomes were generally found. Other physical or fitness outcomes including body composition, muscular strength, and balance were rarely reported.
There is weak evidence supporting aquatic exercise training to improve physical function and aerobic fitness among adults with spinal cord injury. Suggestions for future research include reporting details of exercise interventions, evaluating other physical or fitness outcomes, and improving methodological quality.
本综述旨在综合有关水上运动干预对脊髓损伤患者身体功能和健康状况影响的证据。
检索了6个主要数据库，从建库至2015年6月：医学索引数据库（MEDLINE）、护理学与健康领域数据库（CINAHL）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（EMBASE）、心理学文摘数据库（PsychInfo）、体育与运动医学数据库（SPORTDiscus）以及考克兰对照试验中心注册库。
两名评审员使用改良的唐斯和布莱克量表独立评估方法学质量，并提取和综合关键研究结果（即参与者特征、研究设计、身体功能和健康状况结果以及不良事件）。
276项研究中有8项符合纳入标准，其中没有一项研究显示出较高的研究质量。4项研究评估了身体功能结果，4项研究将有氧适能作为结果指标进行评估。总体上在这两个结果方面发现了显著改善。包括身体成分、肌肉力量和平衡在内的其他身体或健康状况结果很少被报告。
有薄弱证据支持水上运动训练可改善脊髓损伤成年人的身体功能和有氧适能。对未来研究的建议包括报告运动干预的详细信息、评估其他身体或健康状况结果以及提高方法学质量。
