Luuse Arnold, Dassah Sylvester, Lokpo Sylvester, Ameke Louise, Noagbe Mark, Adatara Peter, Hagan Oheneba, Binka Fred
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences , Ho, Ghana.
Navrongo Health Research Centre , Navrongo, Upper East, Ghana.
J Public Health Afr. 2017 Jan 19;7(2):584. doi: 10.4081/jphia.2016.584. eCollection 2016 Dec 31.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global challenge, although there is currently a safe and effective vaccine available. HBV prevalence in Ghana is not well documented, but vary regionally from 4.8% to 12.3% in the general population, 10.8% to 12.7% in blood donors and about 10.6% in pregnant women. This puts Ghana among the high endemic countries in Africa. The study objective was to determine the sero-prevalence of HBs antigen (Ag) and HBeAg among pregnant women in the Ho municipality. Two hundred and eigh participants (pregnant women), attending Ho Municipal antenatal clinic were enrolled into the study. This study recorded a HBsAg sero-prevalence rate of 2.4% among the pregnant women, with primigravida pregnant women recording (0.98%) and multigravida (1.42%). The prevalence of HBsAg among the pregnant women can be classified as Low Intermediate; therefore there is still the need for routine screening of pregnant women during antenatal visits. Amongst HBsAg positives, HBeAg positivity was significantly high (40% of all HBsAg positive women), which suggests high chances of carrier and vertical transmission (mother to child) state.
尽管目前有安全有效的乙肝疫苗，但乙肝病毒（HBV）感染仍是一项全球性挑战。加纳的HBV流行情况尚无充分记录，但在普通人群中，其流行率在各地区有所不同，为4.8%至12.3%；在献血者中为10.8%至12.7%；在孕妇中约为10.6%。这使加纳成为非洲乙肝高流行国家之一。该研究的目的是确定霍市孕妇中乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）和乙肝e抗原（HBeAg）的血清流行率。208名参与者（孕妇），即前往霍市产前诊所就诊的孕妇被纳入该研究。该研究记录了孕妇中HBsAg血清流行率为2.4%，初产妇孕妇为（0.98%），经产妇为（1.42%）。孕妇中HBsAg的流行率可归类为低中度；因此，仍有必要在产前检查期间对孕妇进行常规筛查。在HBsAg阳性者中，HBeAg阳性率显著较高（占所有HBsAg阳性女性的40%），这表明存在较高的携带和垂直传播（母婴传播）几率。
