Ilow Rafał, Regulska-Ilow Bożena, Różańska Dorota
Wroclaw Medical University, Department of Food Science and Dietetics, 211 Borowska, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
Wroclaw Medical University, Department of Dietetics, 34 Parkowa, 51-616 Wroclaw, Poland
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2017;68(1):23-32.
The World Health Organization considers an unhealthy diet to be related to the risk of cardiovascular diseases development.
The aim of this study was to evaluate dietary habits among Wroclaw Medical University students with a view towards the nutritional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
The study was conducted between the years 2004-2012. The study group consisted of 892 women and 276 men. The respondents were asked to complete a questionnaire based on the principles outlined in “The Polish food-based dietary guidelines”.
There were numerous eating habits not in compliance with the recommendations. Men failed to take ≥ 3 meals/ day (10.1% vs 6.3%) at a significantly higher frequency than women. Food products exhibiting a high glycaemic index (GI) were preferred over low GI, especially among men. About 62% of women and 75% of men failed to consume ≥ 5 portions of fruits and vegetables per day. Women chose low-fat dairy products and meat significantly more frequently than men. 73% of women and 67% of men declared that they consumed vegetable oils on an irregular basis. About 8% of women and 11% of men used salt without restrictions, while 58% and 64% respectively, used sugar to sweeten beverages.
Improper nutritional habits were observed in a high part of the studied students, especially among men. It is therefore strongly suggested that the rules of proper nutrition be promoted among this group.
世界卫生组织认为不健康饮食与心血管疾病发生风险相关。
本研究旨在评估弗罗茨瓦夫医科大学学生的饮食习惯，以了解心血管疾病的营养风险因素。
研究于2004年至2012年期间进行。研究组包括892名女性和276名男性。受访者被要求根据《波兰基于食物的膳食指南》中概述的原则填写一份问卷。
存在许多不符合建议的饮食习惯。男性每天未能进食≥3餐的频率（10.1%对6.3%）显著高于女性。高血糖指数（GI）的食品比低血糖指数的食品更受青睐，尤其是在男性中。约62%的女性和75%的男性每天未能食用≥5份水果和蔬菜。女性选择低脂乳制品和肉类的频率明显高于男性。73%的女性和67%的男性表示他们不定期食用植物油。约8%的女性和11%的男性无节制地使用盐，而分别有58%和64%的人用糖来给饮料加糖。
在所研究的学生中，很大一部分人存在不良营养习惯，尤其是男性。因此，强烈建议在这一群体中推广合理营养的规则。
