Bellamy Paul E, Hinsley Shelley A, Newton Ian
Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Monks Wood, Abbots Ripton, PE17 2LS, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire, UK.
Oecologia. 1996 Oct;108(1):64-71. doi: 10.1007/BF00333215.
This paper considers, for eight species of woodland bird, the factors that influenced both local extinctions and recolonisations in 145 woods over 3 years. In all species, probability of local extinction was inversely related to population size; most local extinctions occurred in woods containing one to three breeding pairs. However, considerable variation in extinction probabilities occurred between species and between years. In addition, the suitability of habitat within a wood (more extinctions in less suitable woods) was important for wren Troglodytes troglodytes, song thrush Turdus philomelos and blue tit Parus caeruleus; also, the structure of the surrounding landscape was important for blue tit, great tit Parus major, and chaffinch Fringilla coelebs (more extinctions in localities with less woodland). In only two species was the probability of recolonisation related to any of the measured variables. Wrens were more likely to recolonise larger woods, whereas song thrushes were more likely to recolonise woods with a high habitat suitability rating and those which are more isolated from other woodland.
本文研究了8种林地鸟类在3年时间里，影响145片树林中局部灭绝和重新定居的因素。在所有物种中，局部灭绝的概率与种群规模呈负相关；大多数局部灭绝发生在有一到三对繁殖对的树林中。然而，物种之间和年份之间的灭绝概率存在相当大的差异。此外，树林内栖息地的适宜性（在不太适宜的树林中灭绝更多）对鹪鹩、歌鸫和蓝山雀很重要；同样，周围景观的结构对蓝山雀、大山雀和苍头燕雀也很重要（在林地较少的地区灭绝更多）。只有两个物种的重新定居概率与任何测量变量有关。鹪鹩更有可能在较大的树林中重新定居，而歌鸫更有可能在栖息地适宜性评级高且与其他林地更隔离的树林中重新定居。
