Myers Judith H
Institute of Animal Resource Ecology, University of British Columbia, 2075 Westbrook Place, V6T 1W5, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
Department of Plant Science, University of British Columbia, 2075 Westbrook Place, V6T 1W5, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
Oecologia. 1976 Dec;23(4):255-269. doi: 10.1007/BF00345956.
A simulation model has been used to investigate the influence of animal (insect) distribution and dispersal among exhaustable resource units (food plants). Population size and stability were used as measures of success. The results showed that population size and stability are highest when egg batch size is as large as can be supported by the average food plant or slightly larger if larval dispersal occurs. Clumping of egg batches of food plants increases population stability when egg batches are small by insuring that some food plants will not be overcrowded. Increasing the proportion of larval dispersers or the success of dispersers can increase or decrease population size and stability depending on the original egg batch distribution, but individuals which produce offspring some of which disperse, generally have a selective advantage. Density dependent larval dispersal decreases population stability. Finally, individuals with lower reproductive capacities can have a selective advantage over those with higher reproductive capacities under certain conditions of egg batch size and larval dispersal.
一个模拟模型被用于研究动物（昆虫）在可耗尽资源单元（食用植物）之间的分布和扩散的影响。种群大小和稳定性被用作成功的衡量指标。结果表明，当卵块大小达到平均食用植物所能支持的最大数量时，或者如果幼虫发生扩散且卵块大小稍大时，种群大小和稳定性最高。当卵块较小时，食用植物卵块的聚集通过确保一些食用植物不会过度拥挤来提高种群稳定性。增加幼虫扩散者的比例或扩散者的成功率，根据原始卵块分布情况，可能会增加或减少种群大小和稳定性，但产生一些后代会扩散的个体通常具有选择优势。密度依赖的幼虫扩散会降低种群稳定性。最后，在卵块大小和幼虫扩散的某些条件下，繁殖能力较低的个体可能比繁殖能力较高的个体具有选择优势。
