Vet Louise E M, van Opzeeland Karin
Division of Ecology, Zoological Laboratory, Department of Population Biology, Kaiserstraat 63, Postbus 9516, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Oecologia. 1984 Aug;63(2):171-177. doi: 10.1007/BF00379874.
Olfactory responses of parasitoids can be variable. This was shown by olfactometer experiments with females of two sibling Asobara species, larval endoparasitoids of Drosophilidae. Oviposition experiences of adult female parasitoids significantly altered their behavioural responses in microhabitat and host location. Females needed prior exposure to a host before they were capable of using volatile compounds related to the presence of their host. Asobara tabida (Nees) attacks Drosophila in fermenting fruits and A. rufescens (Foerster) attacks Drosophilidae in decaying plant materials. Naïve females show a strong preference for the odour of their own microhabitat. After experience with their own host and microhabitat, females were repelled by odours of the other microhabitat. 'Enforced' experience with this repellent microhabitat in the laboratory modified the olfactory response from repellency to attraction. It was shown that even the microhabitat odour preference pattern could be changed through experience. This kind of behavioural flexibility may be the rule rather than the exception in many other Hymenopterous parasitoids.
寄生蜂的嗅觉反应可能存在差异。这在对两种近缘阿索芭拉属物种（果蝇科幼虫内寄生蜂）雌性个体进行的嗅觉仪实验中得到了证明。成年雌性寄生蜂的产卵经历显著改变了它们在微生境和寄主定位方面的行为反应。雌性寄生蜂在能够利用与寄主存在相关的挥发性化合物之前，需要事先接触寄主。塔氏阿索芭拉（Nees）攻击发酵水果中的果蝇，红阿索芭拉（Foerster）攻击腐烂植物材料中的果蝇科昆虫。未接触过寄主的雌性对自身微生境的气味表现出强烈偏好。在经历了自身寄主和微生境后，雌性会被其他微生境的气味排斥。在实验室中对这种具有排斥性的微生境进行“强制”体验，会使嗅觉反应从排斥转变为吸引。研究表明，即使是微生境气味偏好模式也可以通过经历而改变。这种行为灵活性在许多其他膜翅目寄生蜂中可能是普遍现象而非个别情况。
