Micieli Jonathan A, Easterbrook Michael
Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, 340 College Street, Suite 400, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.
Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Suite 310, 790 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1N8, Canada.
Clin Sports Med. 2017 Apr;36(2):299-314. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2016.11.006.
Sports-related eye and orbital injuries continue to occur regularly and may have serious consequences. They are completely preventable when appropriate protection is worn, particularly with polycarbonate lenses. Eye protection is available for most sports and should be worn in accordance with the standards of regional authorities. It is important for first responders to identify red flags in the history and physical examination of an injured athlete for urgent referral to an ophthalmologist. Common sports-related eye injuries include corneal abrasion, subconjunctival hemorrhage, hyphema, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal tears and detachment. The mechanism and treatment of these injuries are discussed in further detail.
与运动相关的眼及眼眶损伤仍时有发生，且可能产生严重后果。若佩戴适当的防护装备，尤其是聚碳酸酯镜片，此类损伤完全可以预防。大多数运动都有相应的眼部防护装备，应按照地区当局的标准佩戴。对于急救人员而言，在受伤运动员的病史和体格检查中识别危险信号，以便紧急转诊至眼科医生处，这一点很重要。常见的与运动相关的眼部损伤包括角膜擦伤、结膜下出血、前房积血、玻璃体积血、视网膜裂孔和脱离。本文将进一步详细讨论这些损伤的机制及治疗方法。
