Tavares Mara Garcia, Lopes Denilce Meneses, Campos L A O
Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, CEP: 36.570-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Genetica. 2017 Jun;145(3):241-258. doi: 10.1007/s10709-017-9961-2. Epub 2017 Mar 18.
The present study provides a comprehensive review of cytogenetic data on Meliponini and their chromosomal evolution. The compiled data show that only 104 species of stingless bees, representing 32 of the 54 living genera have been studied cytogenetically and that among these species, it is possible to recognize three main groups with n = 9, 15 and 17, respectively. The first group comprises the species of the genus Melipona, whereas karyotypes with n = 15 and n = 17 have been detected in species from different genera. Karyotypes with n = 17 are the most common among the Meliponini studied to date. Cytogenetic information on Meliponini also shows that although chromosome number, in general, is conserved among species of a certain genus, other aspects, such as chromosome morphology, quantity, distribution and composition of heterochromatin, may vary between them. This reinforces the fact that the variations observed in the karyotypes of different Meliponini groups cannot be explained by a single theory or a single type of structural change. In addition, we present a discussion about how these karyotype variations are related to the phylogenetic relationships among the different genera of this tribe.
本研究全面综述了无刺蜂族的细胞遗传学数据及其染色体进化。汇编数据表明，仅对54个现存属中的32个属的104种无刺蜂进行了细胞遗传学研究，在这些物种中，可以识别出分别具有n = 9、15和17的三个主要类群。第一类包括Melipona属的物种，而在不同属的物种中检测到了n = 15和n = 17的核型。n = 17的核型是迄今为止研究的无刺蜂族中最常见的。无刺蜂族的细胞遗传学信息还表明，尽管一般来说，特定属的物种之间染色体数目是保守的，但其他方面，如染色体形态、异染色质的数量、分布和组成，可能在它们之间有所不同。这强化了一个事实，即不同无刺蜂族群体核型中观察到的变异不能用单一理论或单一类型的结构变化来解释。此外，我们讨论了这些核型变异如何与该部落不同属之间的系统发育关系相关。
