Straccamore Francesca, Ruggi Simona, Lingiardi Vittorio, Zanardi Raffaella, Vecchi Sara, Oasi Osmano
Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome Rome, Italy.
Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Milan, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2017 Mar 3;8:251. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00251. eCollection 2017.
This study focuses on the relationship between personality configurations and depressive experiences. More specifically, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between self-criticism and dependency and personality styles or disorders, exploring the association between personality features and depressive symptoms. The two-configurations model of personality developed by Blatt (2004, 2008) is adopted as a reference point in sharing a valid framework and in understanding the results. Five instruments are administered to 51 participants with a diagnosis of depressive disorder, in accordance with DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000): Self-criticism and dependency dimensions of depression are measured with the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ); self-reported depression is assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II); observer-rated depression is assessed with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS); personality is assessed with the Clinical Diagnostic Interview (CDI) and the Shedler Westen Assessment Procedure-200 (SWAP-200). Only self-criticism, and not dependency, is associated with depressive symptoms. In addition, the SWAP Borderline PD Scale and the Dysphoric: Emotionally dysregulated Q-factor emerge as significant in predicting depression. Findings support the assumption that depressive personality configurations can enhance the vulnerability to developing depression. Theoretical and clinical implications of these results are discussed.
本研究聚焦于人格结构与抑郁体验之间的关系。更具体地说，本研究的目的是调查自我批评与依赖和人格风格或障碍之间的关系，探索人格特征与抑郁症状之间的关联。布拉特（2004年、2008年）提出的人格双结构模型被用作一个参考点，以共享一个有效的框架并理解研究结果。根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版修订版（美国精神病学协会，2000年），对51名被诊断患有抑郁症的参与者使用了五种工具：使用抑郁体验问卷（DEQ）测量抑郁的自我批评和依赖维度；使用贝克抑郁量表第二版（BDI-II）评估自我报告的抑郁；使用汉密尔顿抑郁评定量表（HDRS）评估观察者评定的抑郁；使用临床诊断访谈（CDI）和施德勒-韦斯顿评估程序-200（SWAP-200）评估人格。只有自我批评，而不是依赖，与抑郁症状相关。此外，SWAP边缘型人格障碍量表和烦躁：情绪失调Q因子在预测抑郁方面具有显著意义。研究结果支持了抑郁性人格结构会增加患抑郁症易感性的假设。讨论了这些结果的理论和临床意义。
