De Niear Matthew A, Noel Jean-Paul, Wallace Mark T
Medical Scientist Training Program, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
Neural Plast. 2017;2017:3478742. doi: 10.1155/2017/3478742. Epub 2017 Feb 21.
The capacity to rapidly adjust perceptual representations confers a fundamental advantage when confronted with a constantly changing world. Unexplored is how feedback regarding sensory judgments (top-down factors) interacts with sensory statistics (bottom-up factors) to drive long- and short-term recalibration of multisensory perceptual representations. Here, we examined the time course of both cumulative and rapid temporal perceptual recalibration for individuals completing an audiovisual simultaneity judgment task in which they were provided with varying degrees of feedback. We find that in the presence of feedback (as opposed to simple sensory exposure) temporal recalibration is more robust. Additionally, differential time courses are seen for cumulative and rapid recalibration dependent upon the nature of the feedback provided. Whereas cumulative recalibration effects relied more heavily on feedback that informs (i.e., negative feedback) rather than confirms (i.e., positive feedback) the judgment, rapid recalibration shows the opposite tendency. Furthermore, differential effects on rapid and cumulative recalibration were seen when the reliability of feedback was altered. Collectively, our findings illustrate that feedback signals promote and sustain audiovisual recalibration over the course of cumulative learning and enhance rapid trial-to-trial learning. Furthermore, given the differential effects seen for cumulative and rapid recalibration, these processes may function via distinct mechanisms.
当面对不断变化的世界时，迅速调整感知表征的能力赋予了一项基本优势。尚未探究的是，关于感官判断的反馈（自上而下的因素）如何与感官统计信息（自下而上的因素）相互作用，以驱动多感官感知表征的长期和短期重新校准。在这里，我们研究了在完成视听同步判断任务的个体中，累积和快速时间感知重新校准的时间进程，在该任务中他们被给予了不同程度的反馈。我们发现，在有反馈的情况下（与简单的感官暴露相对），时间重新校准更为稳健。此外，根据所提供反馈的性质，累积和快速重新校准呈现出不同的时间进程。虽然累积重新校准效应更依赖于告知（即负面反馈）而非确认（即正面反馈）判断的反馈，但快速重新校准呈现出相反的趋势。此外，当反馈的可靠性改变时，对快速和累积重新校准会产生不同的影响。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，反馈信号在累积学习过程中促进并维持视听重新校准，并增强快速的逐次试验学习。此外，鉴于累积和快速重新校准呈现出不同的影响，这些过程可能通过不同的机制发挥作用。
