Ringler D J, Hunt R D, Desrosiers R C, Daniel M D, Chalifoux L V, King N W
New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA 01772.
Ann Neurol. 1988;23 Suppl:S101-7. doi: 10.1002/ana.410230726.
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) is a lentivirus with morphological and antigenic similarities to human immunodeficiency virus, the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) of humans. Macaque monkeys infected with SIV show profound immunological impairment, clinically characterized by multiple opportunistic infections and neoplasms. Retrospective examination of autopsy tissue from 27 SIV-infected animals demonstrated that approximately 60% of the experimentally inoculated animals had a meningoencephalitis characterized by perivascular infiltrates of macrophages and multinucleate giant cells in the white and gray matter and leptomeninges. Ultrastructurally, these macrophages contained typical lentiviral particles within membrane-bound intracytoplasmic vacuoles. Other findings in the central nervous system included discrete randomly located neuroglial nodules, endothelial hypertrophy, and leptomeningeal thickening. The results indicate tha the meningoencephalitis induced by SIV in monkeys is similar to the lesions of the central nervous system in patients with AIDS and that SIV infection in the macaque is a useful animal model to study the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus--related subacute encephalitis or AIDS encephalopathy.
猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）是一种慢病毒，在形态和抗原性上与人类免疫缺陷病毒相似，后者是人类获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）的病原体。感染SIV的猕猴表现出严重的免疫功能损害，临床特征为多种机会性感染和肿瘤。对27只感染SIV动物的尸检组织进行回顾性检查发现，约60%的实验接种动物患有脑膜脑炎，其特征为白质、灰质和软脑膜中出现巨噬细胞和多核巨细胞的血管周围浸润。在超微结构上，这些巨噬细胞在膜结合的胞浆空泡内含有典型的慢病毒颗粒。中枢神经系统的其他发现包括散在随机分布的神经胶质结节、内皮细胞肥大和软脑膜增厚。结果表明，SIV在猴子中诱发的脑膜脑炎与艾滋病患者中枢神经系统的病变相似，猕猴感染SIV是研究人类免疫缺陷病毒相关亚急性脑炎或艾滋病脑病发病机制的有用动物模型。
