Abdel-Wahab Noha, Alshawa Anas, Suarez-Almazor Maria E
Section of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;995:155-174. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-53156-4_8.
Cancer immunotherapy has resulted in durable responses in patients with metastatic disease, unseen with traditional chemotherapy. Several therapies have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of various cancers, including: immune checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines - interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon alpha (IFN), and the cancer vaccine sipuleucel-T. These therapies upregulate the immune system to enhance antitumor responses. As a consequence, they can cause inflammatory and immune-related adverse events that can affect one or more organs, can be serious, and on occasion lifethreatening. The management of these adverse events is complex, and requires a multidisciplinary approach involving not only oncologists, but also other internal medicine specialists, to ensure prompt diagnosis and optimal management of these complications.
癌症免疫疗法已使转移性疾病患者产生持久反应，这是传统化疗所无法实现的。美国食品药品监督管理局已批准多种疗法用于治疗各类癌症，包括：免疫检查点抑制剂、细胞因子——白细胞介素2（IL-2）和干扰素α（IFN），以及癌症疫苗sipuleucel-T。这些疗法上调免疫系统以增强抗肿瘤反应。因此，它们可引发炎症和免疫相关不良事件，这些事件可能影响一个或多个器官，可能很严重，有时甚至危及生命。这些不良事件的管理很复杂，需要多学科方法，不仅涉及肿瘤学家，还包括其他内科专家，以确保对这些并发症进行及时诊断和优化管理。
